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Combination Layout of Traffic Signs and Markings of Expressway Tunnel Entrance Sections: A Driving Simulator Study

Author

Listed:
  • Yong Fang

    (School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China)

  • Jiayi Zhou

    (School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China)

  • Hua Hu

    (School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China)

  • Yanxi Hao

    (School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China)

  • Dianliang Xiao

    (Transportation Safety Research Center, China Academy of Transportation Sciences, Beijing 100029, China)

  • Shaojie Li

    (Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China)

Abstract

To determine a better combination of signs and markings on expressway tunnel entrance sections, three types of typical signs and markings were compared and tested according to five indicators: speed, lane lateral offset, lane change behavior, fixation behavior, and operating load, using a driving simulator. The results identified that the obvious no overtaking and speed limit signs, combined with a layer of thin red pavement, had the most influence on drivers’ speed, and they led to the highest fixation frequency of static facilities, the longest average distance from the completion point of the lane change to the entrance, and the longest average lane change distance, which could help drivers to pass through tunnel entrance sections more smoothly. The location of the static facilities should be between 3 s before the tunnel entrance and 3 s after entering the tunnel, as this is the area where a driver’s relative viewpoint changes. The improper combination of warning signs and deceleration measures will affect a driver’s judgment, causing negative effects, such as premature lane changes and an increased operating load. The research results can provide a design basis and reference for the combination setting of safety signs and markings on tunnel entrance sections.

Suggested Citation

  • Yong Fang & Jiayi Zhou & Hua Hu & Yanxi Hao & Dianliang Xiao & Shaojie Li, 2022. "Combination Layout of Traffic Signs and Markings of Expressway Tunnel Entrance Sections: A Driving Simulator Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:6:p:3377-:d:770492
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Salvatore Antonio Biancardo & Francesco Avella & Ernesto Di Lisa & Xinqiang Chen & Francesco Abbondati & Gianluca Dell’Acqua, 2021. "Multiobjective Railway Alignment Optimization Using Ballastless Track and Reduced Cross-Section in Tunnel," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-19, September.
    2. Xuedong Yan & Jiawei Wu, 2014. "Effectiveness of Variable Message Signs on Driving Behavior Based on a Driving Simulation Experiment," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-9, March.
    3. Federico Orsini & Mariaelena Tagliabue & Giulia De Cet & Massimiliano Gastaldi & Riccardo Rossi, 2021. "Highway Deceleration Lane Safety: Effects of Real-Time Coaching Programs on Driving Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qin Zeng & Yun Chen & Xiazhong Zheng & Shiyu He & Donghui Li & Benwu Nie, 2023. "Optimization of Underground Cavern Sign Group Layout Using Eye-Tracking Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-32, August.

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