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Current Situation of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Northern Africa: The Sustainable Control Methods and Priorities for Future Research

Author

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  • Amine Assouguem

    (Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
    Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

  • Mohammed Kara

    (Laboratory of Biotechnology and Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources (LBCVRN) (ex LBPRN), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

  • Hamza Mechchate

    (Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Yesim Bulak Korkmaz

    (Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey)

  • Safaâ Benmessaoud

    (Laboratory of Biotechnology and Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources (LBCVRN) (ex LBPRN), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

  • Amal Ramzi

    (Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

  • Khaled R. Abdullah

    (Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, Sana’a 13078, Yemen)

  • Omar Mohammed Noman

    (Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdellah Farah

    (Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

  • Abderahim Lazraq

    (Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco)

Abstract

In North Africa, Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 represents one of the most destructive generalists among mite herbivores. Unfortunately, it is a source of important annual casualties in crop production. It is a phytophagous mite that can feed on hundreds of host plants and produces significant damage. The control of T. urticae in North Africa has been principally based on acaricide sprays. However, new alternative methods have shown effective results, such as artificial ultraviolet-B, natural enemies, and the introduction of new genetic methods. This review aims to present a synthesis of information surrounding control methods of T. urticae in North Africa. We highlight the principal findings of previous studies. Then, we discuss current control methods and propose new innovative research and sustainable approaches to controlling this pest. The control method can potentially extrapolate in North African regions due to its positive ecological results. Further, studies proved the use of natural enemies, myco-metabolites, bacteria metabolites, and the introduction of a genetic method in an integrated long-term sustainable program that can successfully defeat the populations of T. urticae . We also discuss high-priority research guidelines to investigate new sustainable management strategies. Setting up an integrated long-term ecological monitoring program in different Northwest African countries and incorporating new technologies into monitoring programs is an urgent need to fight this devastating pest.

Suggested Citation

  • Amine Assouguem & Mohammed Kara & Hamza Mechchate & Yesim Bulak Korkmaz & Safaâ Benmessaoud & Amal Ramzi & Khaled R. Abdullah & Omar Mohammed Noman & Abdellah Farah & Abderahim Lazraq, 2022. "Current Situation of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Northern Africa: The Sustainable Control Methods and Priorities for Future Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2395-:d:753456
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Miodrag Grbić & Thomas Van Leeuwen & Richard M. Clark & Stephane Rombauts & Pierre Rouzé & Vojislava Grbić & Edward J. Osborne & Wannes Dermauw & Phuong Cao Thi Ngoc & Félix Ortego & Pedro Hernández-C, 2011. "The genome of Tetranychus urticae reveals herbivorous pest adaptations," Nature, Nature, vol. 479(7374), pages 487-492, November.
    2. Vivek Kumar & Lucky Mehra & Cindy L. McKenzie & Lance S. Osborne, 2020. "“Predator-In-First”: A Preemptive Biological Control Strategy for Sustainable Management of Pepper Pests in Florida," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mariame Kholaiq & Safaa Benmessaoud & Mohammed Kara & Amine Assouguem & Arshad Mehmood Abbasi & Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi & Mohamed S. Elshikh & Abdelmajid Rahimi & Najib Saber, 2022. "Sustainability of Coastal Agriculture in the Face of Soil Degradation: The Influence of Water Salinization as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-13, October.

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