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An Experimental Study of Paddy Drainage Treatment by Zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM)

Author

Listed:
  • Shuyu Wu

    (College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Zhuangzhuang Zhang

    (College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Jiang Li

    (College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Tianao Wu

    (College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

  • Xiyun Jiao

    (College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
    State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract

Eco-ditch systems have increasingly been designed and applied as a strategy to decrease the risks of water eutrophication and contamination pollution for sustainable agriculture. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the water quality of eco-ditch substrates amended with zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM), such as pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO), ammonium nitrogen concentration (NH 4 + -N), and nitrate nitrogen concentration (NO 3 − -N). Laboratory experiments were conducted with four single substrates (soil, none substrates, natural zeolite, and zeolite loaded with EM bacteria) and two mixed substrates (soil and varying proportions of the additives, 0, 5 and 15%, m/m). Results showed that the concentration of NH 4 + -N was decreased with the increasing rates of additives, and zeolite loaded with EM bacteria had the highest nitrogen removal rate (97.90%) under static experimental condition. The application rate of 15% zeolite loaded with EM bacteria on the eco-ditch exerted a better effect on NH 4 + -N and NO 3 − -N removal without pH reduction, decreased by 87.19% for NH 4 + -N and 30.33% for NO 3 − -N, respectively. Path analysis showed that zeolite addition had a rapid effect (path coefficient = −0.972) on free NH 4 + -N ions adsorption in early 1–3 days, then EM loaded at zeolite further decreased NH 4 + -N (path coefficient = −0.693) and NO 3 − -N (path coefficient = −0.334) via bacterial metabolism. Based on the results, the applications of natural zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM) at an appropriate rate (15%, m/m) can significantly improve water quality of paddy drainage via exerting effects on nitrogen removal.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuyu Wu & Zhuangzhuang Zhang & Jiang Li & Tianao Wu & Xiyun Jiao, 2022. "An Experimental Study of Paddy Drainage Treatment by Zeolite and Effective Microorganisms (EM)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-11, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:12:p:6992-:d:833648
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kishan Mahmud & Dinesh Panday & Anaas Mergoum & Ali Missaoui, 2021. "Nitrogen Losses and Potential Mitigation Strategies for a Sustainable Agroecosystem," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-23, February.
    2. Apostolos Spyridonidis & Ioanna A. Vasiliadou & Katerina Stamatelatou, 2022. "Effect of Zeolite on the Methane Production from Chicken Manure Leachate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-14, February.
    3. Lokesh Kumar & Jaigopal Sharma & Raminder Kaur, 2022. "Catalytic Performance of Cow-Dung Sludge in Water Treatment Mitigation and Conversion of Ammonia Nitrogen into Nitrate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-11, February.
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