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Localizing Indicators of SDG11 for an Integrated Assessment of Urban Sustainability—A Case Study of Hainan Province

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  • Chi Zhang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
    School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

  • Zhongchang Sun

    (International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
    Key Laboratory for Earth Observation of Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China)

  • Qiang Xing

    (International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

  • Jialong Sun

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
    School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

  • Tianyu Xia

    (School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

  • Hao Yu

    (School of Marine Technology and Geomatics, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

Abstract

Rapid urbanization has brought many problems, including housing shortages, traffic congestion, air pollution, and lack of public space. To solve these problems, the United Nations proposed “The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, which contains 17 Sustainable Development Goals covering three dimensions: economy, society, and environment. Among them, Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG11), “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”, can be measured at the city level. So far SDG11 still lacks three-quarters of the data required to accurately assess progress towards the goal. In this paper, we localized the indicators of SDG11 and collected Earth observation data, statistical data, and monitoring data at the city and county levels to build a better urban sustainable development assessment framework. Overall, we found that Haikou and Sanya were close to achieving sustainable development goals, while other cities were still some distance away. In Hainan Province, there was a spatial distribution pattern of high development levels in the north and south, but low levels in the middle and west. Through the Moran’s I Index of Hainan Province, we found that the sustainable development of Hainan Province did not yet form part of integrated development planning. The sustainable development assessment framework and localization methods proposed in this paper at the city and county levels provide references for the sustainable development of Hainan. At the same time, it also provides a reference for the evaluation of county-level sustainable development goals in cities in China and even the world.

Suggested Citation

  • Chi Zhang & Zhongchang Sun & Qiang Xing & Jialong Sun & Tianyu Xia & Hao Yu, 2021. "Localizing Indicators of SDG11 for an Integrated Assessment of Urban Sustainability—A Case Study of Hainan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:11092-:d:651382
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    1. Anning Liang & Dongmei Yan & Jun Yan & Yayang Lu & Xiaowei Wang & Wanrong Wu, 2023. "A Comprehensive Assessment of Sustainable Development of Urbanization in Hainan Island Using Remote Sensing Products and Statistical Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Zemin Zhi & Fenggui Liu & Qiong Chen & Qiang Zhou & Weidong Ma, 2024. "Study on the Urban Expansion of Typical Tibetan Plateau Valley Cities and Changes in Their Ecological Service Value: A Case Study of Xining, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Xinyi Zhang & Li Zhang & Linyan Bai & Jingjuan Liao & Bowei Chen & Min Yan, 2023. "Assessment of Localized Targets of Sustainable Development Goals and Future Development on Hainan Island," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Federico Falasca & Alessandro Marucci, 2024. "Supporting Sustainable Development Goals through Regulation and Maintenance Ecosystem Services," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-16, August.
    5. Qinghua Zhang & Chuansheng Liu & Linlin Lu & Jangling Hu & Yu Chen, 2024. "Sustainability Assessment of Urban Public Transport for SDG Using Geospatial Big Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Lanqing Shao & Guoqiang Jia & Yubao Qiu & Jianming Liu, 2024. "Evaluation and Analysis of the County-Level Sustainable Development Process in Guangxi, China in 2014–2020," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Meihui Zhu & Qian Li & Jiali Yuan & Joel B. Johnson & Jianpeng Cui & Huafeng Wang, 2024. "Luxury Effect, Heritage Effect, and Land Use Hypotheses Revealing Land Cover Distribution in Hainan Island, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-27, August.
    8. Sebastjan Lazar & Vojko Potočan & Dorota Klimecka-Tatar & Matevz Obrecht, 2022. "Boosting Sustainable Operations with Sustainable Supply Chain Modeling: A Case of Organizational Culture and Normative Commitment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-23, September.
    9. Yigit Kazancoglu & Yalcin Berberoglu & Cisem Lafci & Oleksander Generalov & Denys Solohub & Viktor Koval, 2023. "Environmental Sustainability Implications and Economic Prosperity of Integrated Renewable Solutions in Urban Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-24, December.

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