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Application of the Taguchi Method for Optimizing the Process Parameters of Producing Controlled Low-Strength Materials by Using Dimension Stone Sludge and Lightweight Aggregates

Author

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  • How-Ji Chen

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Hsuan-Chung Lin

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Chao-Wei Tang

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cheng Shiu University, No. 840, Chengching Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan
    Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, No. 840, Chengching Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan
    Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, No. 840, Chengching Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan)

Abstract

In view of the increasing concerns over non-renewable resource depletion and waste management, this paper studied the development of low-density controlled low-strength material (CLSM) by using stone sludge and lightweight aggregates. First, the investigation was performed at a laboratory scale to assess the effects of the composition on the properties of the resulting low-density CLSM. The Taguchi method with an L 9 (3 4 ) orthogonal array and four controllable three-level factors (i.e., the stone sludge dosage, water to binder ratio, accelerator dosage and lightweight aggregate dosage) was adopted. Then, to optimize the selected parameters, the analysis of variance method was used to explore the effects of the experimental factors on the performance (fresh and hardened properties) of the produced low-density CLSM. The test results show that when the percentage of stone sludge usage was increased from 30% to 60%, the initial setting time approximately doubled on average. Moreover, at the age of 28 days, the compressive strength of most specimens did not exceed the upper limit of 8.83 MPa stipulated by Taiwan’s Public Construction Commission. Further, the material cost per cubic meter of the produced CLSM was about NT$ 720.9 lower than that of the ordinary CLSM, which could reduce the cost by 40.6%. These results indicate that the use of stone sludge as a raw material to produce CLSM could achieve environmental sustainability. In other words, the use of stone sludge and lightweight aggregates to produce low-density CLSM was extremely feasible.

Suggested Citation

  • How-Ji Chen & Hsuan-Chung Lin & Chao-Wei Tang, 2021. "Application of the Taguchi Method for Optimizing the Process Parameters of Producing Controlled Low-Strength Materials by Using Dimension Stone Sludge and Lightweight Aggregates," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-27, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:10:p:5576-:d:556006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chao-Wei Tang & Chiu-Kuei Cheng, 2019. "Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate Using Water Purification Sludge in Producing CLSM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Chao-Wei Tang, 2018. "Properties of Fired Bricks Incorporating TFT-LCD Waste Glass Powder with Reservoir Sediments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-18, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sunkuk Kim, 2021. "Technology and Management for Sustainable Buildings and Infrastructures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-3, August.

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