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Landscape Connectivity and Suitable Habitat Analysis for Wolves ( Canis lupus L.) in the Eastern Pyrenees

Author

Listed:
  • Carla Garcia-Lozano

    (Geography Department, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Diego Varga

    (Geography Department, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Josep Pintó

    (Geography Department, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain)

  • Francesc Xavier Roig-Munar

    (Independent Researcher, 07760 Menorca, Spain)

Abstract

Over the last few decades, much of the mountain area in European countries has turned into potential habitat for species of medium- and large-sized mammals. Some of the occurrences that explain this trend are biodiversity protection, the creation of natural protected areas, and the abandonment of traditional agricultural activities. In recent years, wolves have once again been seen in forests in the eastern sector of the Pyrenees and the Pre-Pyrenees. The success or failure of their permanent settlement will depend on several factors, including conservation measures for the species, habitat availability, and the state of landscape connectivity. The aim of this study is to analyze the state of landscape connectivity for fragments of potential wolf habitat in Catalonia, Andorra, and on the French side of the Eastern Pyrenees. The results show that a third of the area studied constitutes potential wolf habitat and almost 90% of these spaces are of sufficient size to host stable packs. The set of potential wolf habitat fragments was also assessed using the probability of connectivity index (dPC), which analyses landscape connectivity based on graph structures. According to the graph theory, the results confirm that all the nodes or habitat fragments are directly or indirectly interconnected, thus forming a single component. Given the large availability of suitable habitat and the current state of landscape connectivity for the species, the dispersal of the wolf would be favorable if stable packs are formed. A new established population in the Pyrenees could lead to more genetic exchange between the Iberian wolf population and the rest of Europe’s wolf populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Carla Garcia-Lozano & Diego Varga & Josep Pintó & Francesc Xavier Roig-Munar, 2020. "Landscape Connectivity and Suitable Habitat Analysis for Wolves ( Canis lupus L.) in the Eastern Pyrenees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5762-:d:385920
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Liu, Xuehua & Li, Jihong, 2008. "Scientific solutions for the functional zoning of nature reserves in China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 215(1), pages 237-246.
    2. Alberto Fernández-Gil & Javier Naves & Andrés Ordiz & Mario Quevedo & Eloy Revilla & Miguel Delibes, 2016. "Conflict Misleads Large Carnivore Management and Conservation: Brown Bears and Wolves in Spain," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(3), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Almpanidou, Vasiliki & Mazaris, Antonios D. & Mertzanis, Yorgos & Avraam, Ioannis & Antoniou, Ioannis & Pantis, John D. & Sgardelis, Stefanos P., 2014. "Providing insights on habitat connectivity for male brown bears: A combination of habitat suitability and landscape graph-based models," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 286(C), pages 37-44.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dohee Kim & Wonhyeop Shin & Heejoon Choi & Jihwan Kim & Youngkeun Song, 2020. "Estimation of Ecological Connectivity in a City Based on Land Cover and Urban Habitat Maps," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-14, November.

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