IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i16p4348-d256851.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

“Seeing” or “Being Seen”: Research on the Sight Line Design in the Lion Grove Based on Visitor Temporal–Spatial Distribution and Space Syntax

Author

Listed:
  • Tiantian Zhang

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Weicheng Hua

    (Centre of Co-Innovation for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Yannan Xu

    (Centre of Co-Innovation for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

Abstract

Research on the sight line design of the Classical Chinese Garden (CCG) is an important issue of CCGs’ sustainable development. Taking the Lion Grove as a case, GPS data loggers and questionnaires were employed to collect visitor temporal–spatial data and visiting motivations. We then calculated the “Revisiting Proportion” and “Average Speed” values. Furthermore, we selected the “Visual Control” values analyzed by Depthmap as an indicator of visibility. The statistical analysis of the relationship among “Revisiting Proportion”, “Average Speed”, and “Visual Control” values of each space showed that the spatial visual characteristic affected the visitor temporal–spatial distribution. Scenery spots in and around the large water pool, within one-step visual depth of each other, occupying the visual advantage of both “seeing” and “being seen”, can facilitate the transformation of sight lines and form the visual effect of “one step, one scene”. This research also proved that the sight line design of the Lion Grove was more intentional than random.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiantian Zhang & Weicheng Hua & Yannan Xu, 2019. "“Seeing” or “Being Seen”: Research on the Sight Line Design in the Lion Grove Based on Visitor Temporal–Spatial Distribution and Space Syntax," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:16:p:4348-:d:256851
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/16/4348/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/16/4348/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, Yuan & Xiao, Longzhu & Ye, Yu & Xu, Wangtu & Law, Andrew, 2016. "Understanding tourist space at a historic site through space syntax analysis: The case of Gulangyu, China," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 30-43.
    2. Koun Sugimoto & Kei Ota & Shohei Suzuki, 2019. "Visitor Mobility and Spatial Structure in a Local Urban Tourism Destination: GPS Tracking and Network analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, February.
    3. East, Duncan & Osborne, Patrick & Kemp, Simon & Woodfine, Tim, 2017. "Combining GPS & survey data improves understanding of visitor behaviour," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 307-320.
    4. Jinwon Kim & Brijesh Thapa & Seongsoo Jang & Eunjung Yang, 2018. "Seasonal Spatial Activity Patterns of Visitors with a Mobile Exercise Application at Seoraksan National Park, South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Zheng, Weimin & Huang, Xiaoting & Li, Yuan, 2017. "Understanding the tourist mobility using GPS: Where is the next place?," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 267-280.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Huishu Chen & Li Yang, 2023. "Spatio-Temporal Experience of Tour Routes in the Humble Administrator’s Garden Based on Isovist Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-24, August.
    2. Kestutis Zaleckis & Szymon Chmielewski & Jūratė Kamičaitytė & Indre Grazuleviciute-Vileniske & Halina Lipińska, 2022. "Walkability Compass—A Space Syntax Solution for Comparative Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ana Muñoz-Mazón & Laura Fuentes-Moraleda & Angela Chantre-Astaiza & Marlon-Felipe Burbano-Fernandez, 2019. "The Study of Tourist Movements in Tourist Historic Cities: A Comparative Analysis of the Applicability of Four Different Tools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Tosporn Arreeras & Mikiharu Arimura & Takumi Asada & Saharat Arreeras, 2019. "Association Rule Mining Tourist-Attractive Destinations for the Sustainable Development of a Large Tourism Area in Hokkaido Using Wi-Fi Tracking Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Qian Yao & Yong Shi & Hai Li & Jiahong Wen & Jianchao Xi & Qingwei Wang, 2020. "Understanding the Tourists’ Spatio-Temporal Behavior Using Open GPS Trajectory Data: A Case Study of Yuanmingyuan Park (Beijing, China)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Angela Chantre-Astaiza & Laura Fuentes-Moraleda & Ana Muñoz-Mazón & Gustavo Ramirez-Gonzalez, 2019. "Science Mapping of Tourist Mobility 1980–2019. Technological Advancements in the Collection of the Data for Tourist Traceability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-32, August.
    5. Ante Mandić, 2020. "Structuring challenges of sustainable tourism development in protected natural areas with driving force–pressure–state–impact–response (DPSIR) framework," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 40(4), pages 560-576, December.
    6. Ahmet Salih Günaydın & M. Faruk Altunkasa, 2022. "Developing the socio-spatial integration of historical city centers with spatial strategies: the case of Gaziantep," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 8092-8114, June.
    7. Longlong Zhang & Jingwen Yuan & Chulsoo Kim, 2022. "Sustainable Planning and Design of Ocean City Spatial Forms Based on Space Syntax," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-20, December.
    8. Eunbee Gil & Yongjin Ahn & Youngsang Kwon, 2020. "Tourist Attraction and Points of Interest (POIs) Using Search Engine Data: Case of Seoul," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-21, August.
    9. Yuanyuan Mao & Xiyuan Ren & Ling Yin & Qingying Sun & Ke Song & De Wang, 2021. "Investigating Tourists’ Willingness to Walk (WTW) to Attractions within Scenic Areas: A Case Study of Tongli Ancient Town, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-15, November.
    10. Monther M. Jamhawi & Roa’a J. Zidan & Mohammed Fareed Sherzad, 2023. "Tourist Movement Patterns and the Effects of Spatial Configuration in a Cultural Heritage and Urban Destination: The Case of Madaba, Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-25, January.
    11. Ningling Xie & Bin Cheng, 2023. "The Impact of Urban Expressways on the Street Space of Traditional Tibetan Villages in Kham, Taking Daofu County as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.
    12. Jieping Chen & Chao Ma & Shijun Chen, 2024. "Determinant of the tourism economy in Chinese cities: from an urban centrality perspective," Tourism Economics, , vol. 30(1), pages 44-66, February.
    13. Ruiz-Meza, José & Montoya-Torres, Jairo R., 2022. "A systematic literature review for the tourist trip design problem: Extensions, solution techniques and future research lines," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 9(C).
    14. Wenping Liu & Chenlu Dong & Weijuan Chen, 2017. "Mapping and Quantifying Spatial and Temporal Dynamics and Bundles of Travel Flows of Residents Visiting Urban Parks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-15, July.
    15. Samita Kedkaew & Warisa Nakkiew & Parida Jewpanya & Wasawat Nakkiew, 2024. "A Novel Tourist Trip Design Problem with Stochastic Travel Times and Partial Charging for Battery Electric Vehicles," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-19, September.
    16. Kai Shen & Jan-Dirk Schmöcker & Wenzhe Sun & Ali Gul Qureshi, 2023. "Calibration of sightseeing tour choices considering multiple decision criteria with diminishing reward," Transportation, Springer, vol. 50(5), pages 1897-1921, October.
    17. José Ruiz-Meza & Julio Brito & Jairo R. Montoya-Torres, 2021. "Multi-Objective Fuzzy Tourist Trip Design Problem with Heterogeneous Preferences and Sustainable Itineraries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
    18. María Cristina Rodríguez Rangel & Marcelino Sánchez Rivero & Julián Ramajo Hernández, 2020. "A Spatial Analysis of Intensity in Tourism Accommodation: An Application for Extremadura (Spain)," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-21, April.
    19. Wu, Shou-Tsung & Chen, Yeong-Shyang, 2016. "Examining eco-environmental changes at major recreational sites in Kenting National Park in Taiwan by integrating SPOT satellite images and NDVI," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 23-36.
    20. Daeyoung Jeong & Yun Eui Choi & Lilan Jin & Jinhyung Chon, 2019. "Impact of Spatial Change on Tourism by Bridge Connections between Islands: A Case Study of Ganghwa County in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-17, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:16:p:4348-:d:256851. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.