IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v12y2024i19p3145-d1494015.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Hierarchical Approach to a Tri-Objective Portfolio Optimization Problem Considering an ESG Index

Author

Listed:
  • Yeudiel Lara Moreno

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar 3000, C.U., Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Carlos Ignacio Hernández Castellanos

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar 3000, C.U., Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Traditional portfolio construction primarily revolves around a bi-objective approach, focusing on minimizing portfolio variance while maximizing expected returns. However, this approach leaves out other objectives that could interest decision makers. In this work, we incorporate an extra objective, namely the environmental, social, and governance index (ESG), as a secondary objective. This addition empowers investors to customize their portfolios by defining explicit trade-off thresholds between expected returns and risk, considering the ESG index. To achieve this goal, we make use of external archiving techniques and evolutionary algorithms. In particular, we first find approximate solutions to the bi-objective problem; then, we look for efficient solutions for ESG. We tested our approach with data on the Dow Jones, S&P500, and Nasdaq100 from Yahoo Finance. The results show that the proposed methodology can identify portfolios with good returns and risks considering ESG.

Suggested Citation

  • Yeudiel Lara Moreno & Carlos Ignacio Hernández Castellanos, 2024. "A Hierarchical Approach to a Tri-Objective Portfolio Optimization Problem Considering an ESG Index," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:12:y:2024:i:19:p:3145-:d:1494015
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/19/3145/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/19/3145/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ehrgott, Matthias & Klamroth, Kathrin & Schwehm, Christian, 2004. "An MCDM approach to portfolio optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 155(3), pages 752-770, June.
    2. Beume, Nicola & Naujoks, Boris & Emmerich, Michael, 2007. "SMS-EMOA: Multiobjective selection based on dominated hypervolume," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 181(3), pages 1653-1669, September.
    3. A. Hilario-Caballero & A. Garcia-Bernabeu & J. V. Salcedo & M. Vercher, 2020. "Tri-criterion model for constructing low-carbon mutual fund portfolios: a preference-based multi-objective genetic algorithm approach," Papers 2006.11888, arXiv.org.
    4. Steuer, Ralph E. & Utz, Sebastian, 2023. "Non-contour efficient fronts for identifying most preferred portfolios in sustainability investing," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(2), pages 742-753.
    5. Matthias Ehrgott, 2005. "Multicriteria Optimization," Springer Books, Springer, edition 0, number 978-3-540-27659-3, October.
    6. Steuer, Ralph E. & Na, Paul, 2003. "Multiple criteria decision making combined with finance: A categorized bibliographic study," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 150(3), pages 496-515, November.
    7. Adolfo Hilario-Caballero & Ana Garcia-Bernabeu & Jose Vicente Salcedo & Marisa Vercher, 2020. "Tri-Criterion Model for Constructing Low-Carbon Mutual Fund Portfolios: A Preference-Based Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-15, August.
    8. Markus Hirschberger & Ralph E. Steuer & Sebastian Utz & Maximilian Wimmer & Yue Qi, 2013. "Computing the Nondominated Surface in Tri-Criterion Portfolio Selection," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 61(1), pages 169-183, February.
    9. Laumanns, Marco & Zenklusen, Rico, 2011. "Stochastic convergence of random search methods to fixed size Pareto front approximations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 213(2), pages 414-421, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yue Qi & Ralph E. Steuer & Maximilian Wimmer, 2017. "An analytical derivation of the efficient surface in portfolio selection with three criteria," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 251(1), pages 161-177, April.
    2. Yue Qi, 2022. "Classifying the minimum-variance surface of multiple-objective portfolio selection for capital asset pricing models," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 311(2), pages 1203-1227, April.
    3. Gupta, Pankaj & Mittal, Garima & Mehlawat, Mukesh Kumar, 2013. "Expected value multiobjective portfolio rebalancing model with fuzzy parameters," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 190-203.
    4. Rastegar, Narges & Khorram, Esmaile, 2014. "A combined scalarizing method for multiobjective programming problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 236(1), pages 229-237.
    5. Florian Methling & Rüdiger Nitzsch, 2019. "Thematic portfolio optimization: challenging the core satellite approach," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 33(2), pages 133-154, June.
    6. Qi, Yue & Liao, Kezhi & Liu, Tongyang & Zhang, Yu, 2022. "Originating multiple-objective portfolio selection by counter-COVID measures and analytically instigating robust optimization by mean-parameterized nondominated paths," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 9(C).
    7. Lourdes Uribe & Johan M Bogoya & Andrés Vargas & Adriana Lara & Günter Rudolph & Oliver Schütze, 2020. "A Set Based Newton Method for the Averaged Hausdorff Distance for Multi-Objective Reference Set Problems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-29, October.
    8. A. Garcia-Bernabeu & J. V. Salcedo & A. Hilario & D. Pla-Santamaria & Juan M. Herrero, 2019. "Computing the Mean-Variance-Sustainability Nondominated Surface by ev-MOGA," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-12, December.
    9. Florian Methling & Rüdiger Nitzsch, 2020. "Tailor-made thematic portfolios: a core satellite optimization," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 76(2), pages 317-331, February.
    10. Engau, Alexander, 2009. "Tradeoff-based decomposition and decision-making in multiobjective programming," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 199(3), pages 883-891, December.
    11. Braun, Marlon & Shukla, Pradyumn, 2024. "On cone-based decompositions of proper Pareto-optimality in multi-objective optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 317(2), pages 592-602.
    12. Dubois-Lacoste, Jérémie & López-Ibáñez, Manuel & Stützle, Thomas, 2015. "Anytime Pareto local search," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 243(2), pages 369-385.
    13. Yue Qi, 2018. "On outperforming social-screening-indexing by multiple-objective portfolio selection," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 267(1), pages 493-513, August.
    14. Constantin Zopounidis & Michael Doumpos, 2013. "Multicriteria decision systems for financial problems," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 21(2), pages 241-261, July.
    15. Jeremi Assael & Laurent Carlier & Damien Challet, 2022. "Dissecting the explanatory power of ESG features on equity returns by sector, capitalization, and year with interpretable machine learning," Working Papers hal-03791538, HAL.
    16. Yue Qi, 2017. "On the criterion vectors of lines of portfolio selection with multiple quadratic and multiple linear objectives," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 25(1), pages 145-158, March.
    17. Ralph Steuer & Yue Qi & Markus Hirschberger, 2007. "Suitable-portfolio investors, nondominated frontier sensitivity, and the effect of multiple objectives on standard portfolio selection," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 152(1), pages 297-317, July.
    18. Amita Sharma & Aparna Mehra, 2017. "Financial analysis based sectoral portfolio optimization under second order stochastic dominance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 256(1), pages 171-197, September.
    19. Markus Hirschberger & Ralph E. Steuer & Sebastian Utz & Maximilian Wimmer & Yue Qi, 2013. "Computing the Nondominated Surface in Tri-Criterion Portfolio Selection," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 61(1), pages 169-183, February.
    20. Janusz Miroforidis, 2021. "Bounds on efficient outcomes for large-scale cardinality-constrained Markowitz problems," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 80(3), pages 617-634, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:12:y:2024:i:19:p:3145-:d:1494015. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.