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Towards a Robust Framework for Navigating Flood-Related Challenges: A Comprehensive Proposal for an Advanced Flood Risk Assessment Scale in the Slovak Republic

Author

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  • Marcela Bindzarova Gergelova

    (Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Geographical Information Systems, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnology, Technical University of Kosice, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Martina Zelenakova

    (Institute for Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Maria Hlinkova

    (Institute for Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

  • Hany F. Abd-Elhamid

    (Department of Water and Water Structures Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 04200 Kosice, Slovakia)

Abstract

This study presents a new multi-index hierarchical model for flood risk assessment which incorporates three indicator indexes—hazard, vulnerability, and exposure—to develop a five-level risk scale. The methodology is applied to historical data on flood events in The Slovak Republic between 2001 and 2010. The input values are characterized in more detail through the use of weighted values to provide a more balanced overall risk assessment. The original formula used to calculate the risk levels was found to produce results with overly high numerical values, and therefore the multiplication step of the formula was replaced by addition to insure greater simplicity and ease of use. This refined methodology introduces a novel quantitative approach to risk assessment, offering flexibility and variability in the indicator layer. The methodology can be adapted to assess risk at either the macro or micro scale and at more specific periods of time. The resulting risk values offer a nuanced understanding of risk levels across different indexes and underscores the method’s innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcela Bindzarova Gergelova & Martina Zelenakova & Maria Hlinkova & Hany F. Abd-Elhamid, 2025. "Towards a Robust Framework for Navigating Flood-Related Challenges: A Comprehensive Proposal for an Advanced Flood Risk Assessment Scale in the Slovak Republic," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:9:p:1760-:d:1737665
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jim Hall & Paul Sayers & Richard Dawson, 2005. "National-scale Assessment of Current and Future Flood Risk in England and Wales," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 36(1), pages 147-164, September.
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    3. Daša Oremusová & Magdaléna Nemčíková & Alfred Krogmann, 2021. "Transformation of the Landscape in the Conditions of the Slovak Republic for Tourism," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-23, April.
    4. Terje Aven & Enrico Zio, 2014. "Foundational Issues in Risk Assessment and Risk Management," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(7), pages 1164-1172, July.
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