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Enhancing the Long-Term Ecological Management and Monitoring of Landscapes: The L-TEAM Framework

Author

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  • Mystyn Mills

    (Department of Geography, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
    Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA)

  • Loralee Larios

    (Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA)

  • Janet Franklin

    (Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA
    Department of Geography, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182, USA)

Abstract

Long-term monitoring and adaptive ecological management are essential to the conservation of biodiversity. Yet, achieving successful long-term ecological monitoring and management, especially at the landscape level, has proven challenging. In this paper, we address the hurdles faced in sustaining long-term monitoring and management for landscape-scale efforts by offering three promising conceptual and methodological developments that support such initiatives. Then, we introduce L-TEAM, a long-term ecological adaptive monitoring and management framework that integrates those three components using four tools: a conceptual model, clearly defined and measurable objectives, scientifically robust experimentation, and decision support tools. Finally, using a case study, we demonstrate L-TEAM’s effectiveness in supporting the long-term monitoring and management of a landscape conservation project with diverse habitat types and multiple management objectives. This structured decision framework not only facilitates informed decision making in management practices, but also ensures the implementation of scientifically grounded long-term monitoring. Additionally, L-TEAM holds the potential to enhance our understanding of ecosystem functioning and biodiversity responses to disturbances and management actions.

Suggested Citation

  • Mystyn Mills & Loralee Larios & Janet Franklin, 2023. "Enhancing the Long-Term Ecological Management and Monitoring of Landscapes: The L-TEAM Framework," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:10:p:1942-:d:1263129
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moisés Méndez-Toribio & Cristina Martínez-Garza & Eliane Ceccon, 2021. "Challenges during the execution, results, and monitoring phases of ecological restoration: Learning from a country-wide assessment," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, April.
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