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Impacts of Land Use Types, Soil Properties, and Topography on Baseflow Recharge and Prediction in an Agricultural Watershed

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  • Chong Wei

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

  • Xiaohua Dong

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

  • Yaoming Ma

    (Land-Atmosphere Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    College of Atmospheric Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes, Shigatse 858200, China)

  • Wenyi Zhao

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

  • Dan Yu

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

  • Muhammad Tayyab

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

  • Huijuan Bo

    (College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
    Engineering Research Center for the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang 430072, China)

Abstract

Baseflow is an essential component of runoff, which is the dominant water resource for the dry season. To better manage water resources, it is vital to investigate the links between the multiple influencing factors and the baseflow for better prediction in light of global changes. Previous studies have seldom separated these influencing factors in the analysis, making it difficult to determine their effect on the baseflow. In this study, based on the analysis datasets generated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, the control single variables, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression (MRL) methods were firstly combined to analyze the influences of the chosen factors (land use, topography, and soil type) on the baseflow. The findings revealed that the ability of precipitation to replenish the baseflow was better in areas with a higher slope. The ability of precipitation to recharge the baseflow for different land uses was ranked as “forest land > grass land > agricultural land > urban land”; land use factors should be added to the baseflow prediction equation. The hydrological group is the main property of soil affecting the baseflow recharge. A regression model established using publicly acquired remote sensing data had a good performance (R 2 = 0.84) on baseflow prediction on an annual scale. As a result of this information, relevant government officials and environmentalists may better manage water supplies in drought years. In addition, this regression model frame has the potential to be used for a baseflow inquiry inside an ungauged zone for a better ecological assessment.

Suggested Citation

  • Chong Wei & Xiaohua Dong & Yaoming Ma & Wenyi Zhao & Dan Yu & Muhammad Tayyab & Huijuan Bo, 2022. "Impacts of Land Use Types, Soil Properties, and Topography on Baseflow Recharge and Prediction in an Agricultural Watershed," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2022:i:1:p:109-:d:1019235
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Peng Shi & Chao Chen & Ragahavan Srinivasan & Xuesong Zhang & Tao Cai & Xiuqin Fang & Simin Qu & Xi Chen & Qiongfang Li, 2011. "Evaluating the SWAT Model for Hydrological Modeling in the Xixian Watershed and a Comparison with the XAJ Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(10), pages 2595-2612, August.
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    4. Ling Zhang & Zhuotong Nan & Yi Xu & Shuo Li, 2016. "Hydrological Impacts of Land Use Change and Climate Variability in the Headwater Region of the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-25, June.
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