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Longitudinal Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Chinese Adolescents: The Buffering Roles of Gratitude and Parental Autonomy Support

Author

Listed:
  • Nini Wu

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Jianhong Mo

    (Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Anluan Wen

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Haoer Ou

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Weixin Gu

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Yunqing Qiu

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Lixin Yuan

    (Department of Psychology, School of Education, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou 510310, China)

  • Xiaoyu Lan

    (Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

Drawing on the resilience-oriented socioecological framework, the current study contributes to scarce scholarship by exploring intrapersonal (i.e., gratitude) and interpersonal (i.e., parental autonomy support) factors in the longitudinal association between bullying victimization and adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Participants were 238 Chinese adolescents ( M age at Time 1 (T1) = 13.45 years; 106 girls and 132 boys) based on a two-wave prospective design with data spanning one year. At T1, adolescents self-rated all study variables, and at Time 2 (T2), youth again reported their NSSI. The results showed a significant main effect ( b = 0.12, SE = 0.05, p = 0.04), indicating that bullying victimization was positively related to T2 NSSI one year later, even controlling for T1 NSSI. Moderation analyses further indicated that parental autonomy support buffered against the positive association between bullying victimization and T2 NSSI, but only when adolescents experienced lower levels of gratitude. Specifically, for adolescents with lower levels of gratitude, high levels of parental autonomy support, in a compensatory way, prevented adolescents from NSSI after victimization occurred ( b = −0.03, SE = 0.09, p = 0.78); by contrast, for those with higher levels of gratitude, bullying victimization was not significantly related to T2 NSSI, regardless of the levels of parental autonomy support ( b = 0.07, SE = 0.04, p = 0.59 for higher parental autonomy support; b = 0.01, SE = 0.07, p = 0.93 for lower parental autonomy support). These findings suggest that gratitude and parental autonomy support, manifesting in a compensatory interaction pattern, could serve as targeted agents for breaking the vicious linkage between bullying victimization and NSSI.

Suggested Citation

  • Nini Wu & Jianhong Mo & Anluan Wen & Haoer Ou & Weixin Gu & Yunqing Qiu & Lixin Yuan & Xiaoyu Lan, 2023. "Longitudinal Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Chinese Adolescents: The Buffering Roles of Gratitude and Parental Autonomy Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:2:p:1440-:d:1034208
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Feng Kong & Ke Ding & Jingjing Zhao, 2015. "The Relationships Among Gratitude, Self-esteem, Social Support and Life Satisfaction Among Undergraduate Students," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 477-489, April.
    2. Brenna Hoy & Shannon Suldo & Linda Mendez, 2013. "Links Between Parents’ and Children’s Levels of Gratitude, Life Satisfaction, and Hope," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 1343-1361, August.
    3. Lourdes Rey & Sergio Mérida-López & Nicolás Sánchez-Álvarez & Natalio Extremera, 2019. "When and How Do Emotional Intelligence and Flourishing Protect against Suicide Risk in Adolescent Bullying Victims?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    4. Chunhua Ma & Yongfeng Ma & Xiaoyu Lan, 2022. "Parental Autonomy Support and Pathological Internet Use among Chinese Undergraduate Students: Gratitude Moderated the Mediating Effect of Filial Piety," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-14, February.
    5. Xiao-Wei Chu & Cui-Ying Fan & Qing-Qi Liu & Zong-Kui Zhou, 2019. "Rumination Mediates and Moderates the Relationship between Bullying Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Early Adolescents," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 12(5), pages 1549-1566, October.
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