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Risk Factors Attributable to Hypertension among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Selected Rural Districts of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Author

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  • Urgent Tsuro

    (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa)

  • Kelechi E. Oladimeji

    (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa
    Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa
    College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria 0001, South Africa)

  • Guillermo-Alfredo Pulido-Estrada

    (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa)

  • Teke R. Apalata

    (Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5100, South Africa)

Abstract

Background: Antiretroviral therapy has improved HIV patients’ quality of life and life expectancy. However, complications have emerged in the form of hypertension. In the rural Eastern Cape, there is minimal information about HIV-infected people. The current study intended to evaluate the factors associated with hypertension in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy in rural areas of South Africa’s Eastern Cape. Methods: For this cohort study, HIV-positive people taking antiretroviral therapy aged 15 and up were recruited at random from several rural locations in the Eastern Cape. Using Cox univariate and multivariate analyses, the key predictors of hypertension were found. Results: Of the total participants (n = 361), 53% of individuals had hypertension. In the Cox multivariate model, patients that had hypertension heredity, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , advanced and severe CD4 counts, 1TFE and 1T3E regimens, and the male gender were found to be at greater risk of hypertension. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that hypertension is a prevalent concern among HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. HIV patients should have their blood pressure checked regularly, and they should be screened for high blood pressure and given treatment for it.

Suggested Citation

  • Urgent Tsuro & Kelechi E. Oladimeji & Guillermo-Alfredo Pulido-Estrada & Teke R. Apalata, 2022. "Risk Factors Attributable to Hypertension among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Selected Rural Districts of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11196-:d:908239
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John E. Ataguba, 2021. "The Impact of Financing Health Services on Income Inequality in an Unequal Society: The Case of South Africa," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 19(5), pages 721-733, September.
    2. Weimann, Amy & Dai, Dajun & Oni, Tolu, 2016. "A cross-sectional and spatial analysis of the prevalence of multimorbidity and its association with socioeconomic disadvantage in South Africa: A comparison between 2008 and 2012," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 144-156.
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