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The Relationships between Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sport on the Immune System

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  • Pedro Forte

    (Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
    Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal)

  • Luís Branquinho

    (Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
    Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
    CI-ISCE, ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal)

  • Ricardo Ferraz

    (Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
    Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal)

Abstract

During their lifetime, human beings are exposed to different microorganisms (i [...]

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Forte & Luís Branquinho & Ricardo Ferraz, 2022. "The Relationships between Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sport on the Immune System," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-6, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6777-:d:829853
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. José E. Teixeira & José A. Bragada & João P. Bragada & Joana P. Coelho & Isabel G. Pinto & Luís P. Reis & Paula O. Fernandes & Jorge E. Morais & Pedro M. Magalhães, 2022. "Structural Equation Modelling for Predicting the Relative Contribution of Each Component in the Metabolic Syndrome Status Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Jean-Pierre Després & Isabelle Lemieux, 2006. "Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7121), pages 881-887, December.
    3. Amal F. Alshammary & Khalid Khalaf Alharbi & Naif Jameel Alshehri & Vishal Vennu & Imran Ali Khan, 2021. "Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Samuel Gonçalves Almeida da Encarnação & Pedro Flores & David Magalhães & Gil Afonso & Albino Pereira & Rui Brito Fonseca & Joana Ribeiro & Sandra Silva-Santos & José Eduardo Teixeira & António Miguel, 2022. "The Influence of Abdominal Adiposity and Physical Fitness on Obesity Status of Portuguese Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Kristina A. Malsagova & Arthur T. Kopylov & Vasiliy I. Pustovoyt & Evgenii I. Balakin & Ksenia A. Yurku & Alexander A. Stepanov & Liudmila I. Kulikova & Vladimir R. Rudnev & Anna L. Kaysheva, 2024. "Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses of the Blood Samples of Highly Trained Athletes," Data, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, January.

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