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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Perceived Stress in Postpartum Mexican Women during the COVID-19 Lockdown

Author

Listed:
  • Blanca Vianey Suárez-Rico

    (Community Intervention Research Branch, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez

    (Research Division, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Maribel Sánchez-Martínez

    (Department of Inmunobiochemistry, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Otilia Perichart-Perera

    (Department of Nutrition and Bioprograming, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández

    (Department of Nutrition and Bioprograming, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Carla González-Leyva

    (Department of Nutrition and Bioprograming, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Erika Osorio-Valencia

    (Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Arturo Cardona-Pérez

    (General Direction, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto

    (Department of Inmunobiochemistry, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Salvador Espino y Sosa

    (Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Mario Solis-Paredes

    (Department of Genetics, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

  • Enrique Reyes-Muñoz

    (Coordination of Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology, National Institute of Perinatology, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico)

Abstract

The COVID-19 lockdown represents a new challenge for mental health researchers and clinical practitioners. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress in postpartum Mexican women. The study included 293, 4–12-week postpartum women over the age of 18. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Trait-State Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-STAI), and Ten Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), which are all questionnaires validated for the Mexican population, were applied using a web-based online survey. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the maternal age was 29.9 ± 6.3 years; the EPDS score: 11 ± 6, T-STAI score: 41.7 ± 12.3, and PSS-10 score: 17.1 ± 7. The prevalence (95% CI) of the postpartum depression symptoms was 39.2% (34–45%), trait anxiety symptoms were found among 46.1% (32–43%) of the participants, and moderate and high perceived stress were in 58% (52–64) and 10.9% (7.8–15) of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and perceived stress was higher among postpartum Mexican women during the COVID-19 outbreak than before the lockdown. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring perinatal mental health during pandemics and the need to design effective psychologic interventions for these patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Blanca Vianey Suárez-Rico & Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez & Maribel Sánchez-Martínez & Otilia Perichart-Perera & Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández & Carla González-Leyva & Erika Osorio-Valencia & Arturo Card, 2021. "Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Perceived Stress in Postpartum Mexican Women during the COVID-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-9, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4627-:d:544175
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qin Xiang Ng & Donovan Yutong Lim & Kuan Tsee Chee, 2020. "Not all trauma is the same," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 117(41), pages 25200-25200, October.
    2. Anna Stepowicz & Barbara Wencka & Jan Bieńkiewicz & Wojciech Horzelski & Mariusz Grzesiak, 2020. "Stress and Anxiety Levels in Pregnant and Post-Partum Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-9, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ma. Asunción Lara & Laura Navarrete & Erica Medina & Pamela Patiño & Marcela Tiburcio, 2023. "Impact of Facebook on Social Support and Emotional Wellbeing in Perinatal Women during Three Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico: A Descriptive Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Renata Tambelli & Giulia Ballarotto & Carmen Trumello & Alessandra Babore, 2022. "Transition to Motherhood: A Study on the Association between Somatic Symptoms during Pregnancy and Post-Partum Anxiety and Depression Symptoms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Qianqian Chen & Wenjie Li & Juan Xiong & Xujuan Zheng, 2022. "Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Postpartum Depression during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-11, February.

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