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The Effects of Urban Natural Environments on Preference and Self-Reported Psychological Restoration of the Elderly

Author

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  • Ling Qiu

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Qujing Chen

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Tian Gao

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China)

Abstract

The world is facing the challenge of aging populations. Urban natural environments, including green spaces and blue spaces, have been demonstrated to have great benefits to the mental restoration of the elderly. However, the study of the specific characteristics of urban environments that are popular and the most restorative for the elderly is still lacking. Photo elicitation as visual stimuli was utilized to explore the differences in preference and psychological restoration of the elderly through the perception of the eight perceived sensory dimensions (PSDs) in different types of urban environments. The results showed that: (1) The respondents had different perceptions of the eight PSDs in the different urban natural environments. Blue space and partly-closed green space were more preferred by the elderly, and also had more psychological restorative effects on the elderly. (2) There was no significant correlation between the number of highly perceived PSDs and preference, as well as between the number of highly perceived PSDs and psychological restoration. However, there was a significant correlation between preference and psychological restoration. (3) Partly-closed green space with more Serene and Refuge qualities, and blue space with more Serene, Refuge and Prospect properties were optimal characteristics for psychological restoration of the elderly. In addition, open green space with more Prospect, Serene and Social qualities, and closed green space with more Space, Refuge and less Nature properties could also increase psychological restoration of older adults. These findings can provide useful guidelines for restorative environmental design for the elderly in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Ling Qiu & Qujing Chen & Tian Gao, 2021. "The Effects of Urban Natural Environments on Preference and Self-Reported Psychological Restoration of the Elderly," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:509-:d:477726
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tian Gao & Tian Zhang & Ling Zhu & Yanan Gao & Ling Qiu, 2019. "Exploring Psychophysiological Restoration and Individual Preference in the Different Environments Based on Virtual Reality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Marjanne Sevenant & Marc Antrop, 2011. "Landscape Representation Validity: A Comparison between On-site Observations and Photographs with Different Angles of View," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 363-385.
    3. Arne Arnberger & Renate Eder, 2011. "The influence of age on recreational trail preferences of urban green-space visitors: a discrete choice experiment with digitally calibrated images," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(7), pages 891-908, November.
    4. Hyun Jin Lee & Dong Kun Lee, 2019. "Do Sociodemographic Factors and Urban Green Space Affect Mental Health Outcomes Among the Urban Elderly Population?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-13, March.
    5. Dempsey, Seraphim & Devine, Mel T. & Gillespie, Tom & Lyons, Seán & Nolan, Anne, 2018. "Coastal blue space and depression in older adults," Papers RB201826, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    6. Tian Gao & Ling Zhu & Tian Zhang & Rui Song & Yuanqun Zhang & Ling Qiu, 2019. "Is an Environment with High Biodiversity the Most Attractive for Human Recreation? A Case Study in Baoji, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-20, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yujia Zhai & Binbin Fan & Jingyao Yu & Ruoyu Gong & Jie Yin, 2024. "Effects of Spatial Type and Scale of Small Urban Open Spaces on Perceived Restoration: An Online Survey-Based Experiment," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Congying An & Jinglan Liu & Qiaohui Liu & Yuqi Liu & Xiaoli Fan & Yishen Hu, 2022. "How Perceived Sensory Dimensions of Forest Park Are Associated with Stress Restoration in Beijing?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Denise Dillon & Sean T. H. Lee & Eunice W. L. Tai, 2024. "Flourishing or Frightening? Feelings about Natural and Built Green Spaces in Singapore," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-19, March.
    4. Siyu Jiang & Jiang Liu, 2024. "Comparative Study of Cultural Landscape Perception in Historic Districts from the Perspectives of Tourists and Residents," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-22, March.

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