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Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Santiago Ramírez-Elvira

    (Catalan Health Service, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain)

  • José L. Romero-Béjar

    (Statistics and Operational Research Department, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Nora Suleiman-Martos

    (Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario de Ceuta, University of Granada, C/Cortadura del Valle S/N, 51001 Ceuta, Spain)

  • José L. Gómez-Urquiza

    (Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario de Ceuta, University of Granada, C/Cortadura del Valle S/N, 51001 Ceuta, Spain)

  • Carolina Monsalve-Reyes

    (Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Católica de La Santísima Concepción, Avenida Alonso de Ribera, Concepción 2850, Chile)

  • Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente

    (Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. de la Ilustración 60, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Luis Albendín-García

    (Andalusian Health Service, Granada-Northeast Health Management Area, Ctra. de Murcia S/N, 18800 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

Nursing is considered to be an at-risk profession of burnout due to daily exposure to difficult situations such as death and pain care. In addition, some units such as the intensive care unit (ICU), can be stressful due to high levels of morbidity and mortality and ethical dilemmas. Burnout causes a deterioration in quality of care, increasing the risk of mortality in patients due to poor performance and errors in the healthcare environment. The aim of this study was to analyse the levels, prevalence and related factors of burnout in ICU nurses. A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out in the Medline, Scopus and CINAHL databases. Fifteen articles were found for the systematic review and four for the meta-analysis. With a sample of n = 1986 nurses, the meta-analytic estimate prevalence for high emotional exhaustion was 31% (95% CI, 8–59%), for high depersonalization was 18% (95% CI, 8–30%), and for low personal accomplishment was 46% (95% CI, 20–74%). Within the dimensions of burnout, emotional exhaustion had a significant relationship with depression and personality factors. Both sociodemographic factors (being younger, single marital status, and having less professional experience in ICU) and working conditions (workload and working longer hours) influence the risk of burnout syndrome.

Suggested Citation

  • Santiago Ramírez-Elvira & José L. Romero-Béjar & Nora Suleiman-Martos & José L. Gómez-Urquiza & Carolina Monsalve-Reyes & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Luis Albendín-García, 2021. "Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11432-:d:668729
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana & Nora Suleiman-Martos & Laura Pradas-Hernández & Jose L. Gomez-Urquiza & Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente & Luis Albendín-García, 2019. "Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    2. Sohyune Sok & Hyebeen Sim & Bokhee Han & Se Joung Park, 2020. "Burnout and Related Factors of Nurses Caring for DNR Patients in Intensive Care Units, South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-12, November.
    3. Santiago Gascon & Michael P Leiter & Eva Andrés & Miguel A Santed & Joao P Pereira & María J Cunha & Agustín Albesa & Jesus Montero‐Marín & Javier García‐Campayo & Begoña Martínez‐Jarreta, 2013. "The role of aggressions suffered by healthcare workers as predictors of burnout," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 22(21-22), pages 3120-3129, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mariana Tortorelli & Telma Ramos Trigo & Renata Bolibio & Camila Colás Sabino de Freitas & Floracy Gomes Ribeiro & Mara Cristina Souza de Lucia & Dan V. Iosifescu & Renério Fráguas, 2022. "The Association of Life Events Outside the Workplace and Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study on Nursing Assistants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-13, July.

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