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Spatiotemporal Difference Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism Urbanization in China’s Major Tourist Cities

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  • Xia Xie

    (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Lei Zhang

    (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Hui Sun

    (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Feifei Chen

    (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Chunshan Zhou

    (Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    College of Tourism, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

Abstract

Tourism is crucial for promoting industrial development and is an important driver of China’s new type of urbanization. A tourism urbanization index system was constructed in three dimensions: the tourism industry, urbanization, and the ecological environment. The spatial–temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of tourism urbanization in 35 major tourist cities in China from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed using the state space method, standard deviation ellipse, and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results show the following. (1) Over time, the tourism industry index displays an upward trend, the urbanization index exhibits a more obvious upward trend, and the ecological environment index fluctuates strongly. Under the influence of all three factors, the tourism urbanization index shows a fluctuating rising trend. (2) Regarding the spatial distribution pattern, the development center of tourism urbanization shifts to the southeast, and the distribution direction is northeast-southwest. There is a significant agglomeration in global spatial autocorrelation. The local spatial correlation pattern is dominated by correlation characteristics and supplemented by different characteristics. (3) In terms of influencing factors, policy and regional development strategy, tourism resource endowment, economic development level, and traffic conditions are listed in descending order of influencing degree. Finally, we put forward some suggestions.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia Xie & Lei Zhang & Hui Sun & Feifei Chen & Chunshan Zhou, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Difference Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Tourism Urbanization in China’s Major Tourist Cities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10414-:d:649353
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jiao Yu & Jianxin Yang & Jiangfeng Li & Ling Lin & Yingjian Ren, 2023. "The Role of Tourism in Promoting the Urbanization of Ethnic Border Areas: A Case Study of Xishuangbanna," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Yao Chang & Dongbing Li & Zibibula Simayi & Shengtian Yang & Maliyamuguli Abulimiti & Yiwei Ren, 2022. "Spatial Pattern Analysis of Xinjiang Tourism Resources Based on Electronic Map Points of Interest," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-18, June.
    4. Pengyang Zhang & Lewen Zhang & Dandan Han & Tingting Wang & He Zhu & Yongtao Chen, 2023. "Coupled and Coordinated Development of the Tourism Industry and Urbanization in Marginal and Less Developed Regions—Taking the Mountainous Border Areas of Western Yunnan as a Case Study," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-24, March.
    5. Yuqing Geng & Hongwei Zhu & Renjun Zhu, 2022. "Coupling Coordination between Cultural Heritage Protection and Tourism Development: The Case of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-22, November.
    6. Shengrui Zhang & Lei Chi & Tongyan Zhang & Yingjie Wang, 2022. "Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Tourism Resources in Northwestern Ethnic Areas in China—A Case Study of Longde County," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-20, December.

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