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The Effects of Physical Inactivity and Exercise at Home in Young Patients with Congenital Heart Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Federica Gentili

    (Division of Sports Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Giulia Cafiero

    (Division of Sports Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Marco Alfonso Perrone

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
    Department of Cardiology and University Sports Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Massimiliano Bianco

    (Unità Operativa Complessa di Medicina dello Sport e Rieducazione Funzionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Annamaria Salvati

    (Division of Sports Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Ugo Giordano

    (Division of Sports Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Stefani Silva Kikina

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Paolo Guccione

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Andrea De Zorzi

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Lorenzo Galletti

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Drago

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Benedetta Leonardi

    (Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Attilio Turchetta

    (Division of Sports Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the population’s ability to be physically active. Purpose: Evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 mitigation measures on exercise tolerance in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods: All subjects (880, 6–18 years old) who performed a stress test at our hospital from October 2020 to February 2021 and had a similar test one year earlier were enrolled. A questionnaire on the degree of physical activity carried out in 2020 concerning the period prior to the pandemic was compiled. Exercise tolerance and the main anthropometric parameters between the first and second tests were compared. Results: 110 subjects (11.9 ± 4.1 years) were included in the study. The percentage of patients engaged in regular physical activity (RPA) decreased significantly during the pandemic ( p < 0.001), and BMI increased significantly ( p < 0.001), except among the subjects who began RPA during the lockdown, whereas test duration did not decrease significantly overall but increased in this last subgroup ( p < 0.05) Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown led to a less active lifestyle with a significant increase in BMI in our group of CHD. These data could have negative effects on the risk profile of this population. RPA practiced at home seems to be effective in counteracting such effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Federica Gentili & Giulia Cafiero & Marco Alfonso Perrone & Massimiliano Bianco & Annamaria Salvati & Ugo Giordano & Stefani Silva Kikina & Paolo Guccione & Andrea De Zorzi & Lorenzo Galletti & Fabriz, 2021. "The Effects of Physical Inactivity and Exercise at Home in Young Patients with Congenital Heart Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10065-:d:642693
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laura Di Renzo & Marco Marchetti & Giuseppe Rizzo & Paola Gualtieri & Diego Monsignore & Francesca Dominici & Ilenia Mappa & Ottavia Cavicchioni & Lorenzo Aguzzoli & Antonino De Lorenzo & on behalf of, 2022. "Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Maternal and Newborn Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-14, July.

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