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Air Pollution, Residential Greenness and Metabolic Dysfunction during Early Pregnancy in the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Amal Rammah

    (Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Kristina W. Whitworth

    (Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Christopher I. Amos

    (Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Marisa Estarlich

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
    Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, The Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region, Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Mònica Guxens

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC), 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands)

  • Jesús Ibarluzea

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
    Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
    Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastián, Spain)

  • Carmen Iñiguez

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Mikel Subiza-Pérez

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
    Department of Clinical and Health Psychology and Research Methods, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain)

  • Martine Vrijheid

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
    Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Elaine Symanski

    (Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

Abstract

Despite extensive study, the role of air pollution in gestational diabetes remains unclear, and there is limited evidence of the beneficial impact of residential greenness on metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy. We used data from mothers in the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project from 2003–2008. We obtained spatiotemporally resolved estimates of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) exposures in early pregnancy and estimated residential greenness using satellite-based Normal Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 100, 300 and 500 m buffers surrounding the mother’s residence. We applied logistic regression models to evaluate associations between each of the three exposures of interest and (a) glucose intolerance and (b) abnormal lipid levels. We found limited evidence of associations between increases in PM 2.5 and NO 2 exposures and the metabolic outcomes. Though not statistically significant, high PM 2.5 exposure (≥25 µg/m 3 ) was associated with increased odds of glucose intolerance (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.63) and high cholesterol (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.90, 1.44). High NO 2 exposure (≥39.8 µg/m 3 ) was inversely associated with odds of high triglycerides (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.45, 1.08). Whereas NDVI was not associated with glucose intolerance, odds of high triglycerides were increased, although the results were highly imprecise. Results were unchanged when the air pollutant variables were included in the regression models. Given the equivocal findings in our study, additional investigations are needed to assess effects of air pollution and residential greenness on metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Amal Rammah & Kristina W. Whitworth & Christopher I. Amos & Marisa Estarlich & Mònica Guxens & Jesús Ibarluzea & Carmen Iñiguez & Mikel Subiza-Pérez & Martine Vrijheid & Elaine Symanski, 2021. "Air Pollution, Residential Greenness and Metabolic Dysfunction during Early Pregnancy in the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9354-:d:629107
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shannon M. Melody & Karen Wills & Luke D. Knibbs & Jane Ford & Alison Venn & Fay Johnston, 2020. "Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Pregnancy Complications in Victoria, Australia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-12, April.
    2. Matthew Browning & Kangjae Lee, 2017. "Within What Distance Does “Greenness” Best Predict Physical Health? A Systematic Review of Articles with GIS Buffer Analyses across the Lifespan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, June.
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