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The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Recall of Negative Autobiographical Memories

Author

Listed:
  • Desirée Colombo

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Silvia Serino

    (Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy)

  • Carlos Suso-Ribera

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain)

  • Javier Fernández-Álvarez

    (Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy)

  • Pietro Cipresso

    (Department of Psychology, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Azucena García-Palacios

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
    CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Giuseppe Riva

    (Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
    Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy)

  • Cristina Botella

    (Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
    CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

When facing a negative event, people implement different strategies to regulate ongoing emotions. Although the previous literature has suggested that the emotional intensity of a negative episode is associated with the characteristics of the subsequent autobiographical memory, it is still unknown whether emotion regulation (ER) moderates this relationship. In the present study, we provided undergraduate students with a smartphone-based diary to report a negative episode immediately after its occurrence and rate the momentary use of two ER strategies: cognitive reappraisal and rumination. To explore autobiographical memory, two “surprise” recall tasks were performed one week and one month after the event. According to the results, cognitive reappraisal was linked with better memory performances, and a tendency to retrospectively underestimate the negativity of highly intense events was observed only in participants adopting high rates of this strategy. Conversely, intense rumination was found to be associated with less detailed memories of emotionally intense events, as well as with higher emotional involvement with negative episodes over time, regardless of their intensity. Together, our results support the maladaptive role of rumination and the adaptive influence of cognitive reappraisal on autobiographical memory.

Suggested Citation

  • Desirée Colombo & Silvia Serino & Carlos Suso-Ribera & Javier Fernández-Álvarez & Pietro Cipresso & Azucena García-Palacios & Giuseppe Riva & Cristina Botella, 2021. "The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Recall of Negative Autobiographical Memories," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:13:p:7122-:d:587803
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fredda Blanchard-Fields & Renee Stein & Tonya L. Watson, 2004. "Age Differences in Emotion-Regulation Strategies in Handling Everyday Problems," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 59(6), pages 261-269.
    2. Jean-Baptiste Pavani & Sarah Vigouroux & Jean-Luc Kop & Anne Congard & Bruno Dauvier, 2016. "Affect and Affect Regulation Strategies Reciprocally Influence Each Other in Daily Life: The Case of Positive Reappraisal, Problem-Focused Coping, Appreciation and Rumination," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 17(5), pages 2077-2095, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kamilla Run Johannsdottir & Halldora Bjorg Rafnsdottir & Andri Haukstein Oddsson & Haukur Freyr Gylfason, 2021. "The Impact of Emotion and Sex on Fabrication and False Memory Formation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-10, November.
    2. Ying Song & Zhenzhi Zhao, 2022. "Social Undermining and Interpersonal Rumination among Employees: The Mediating Role of Being the Subject of Envy and the Moderating Role of Social Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-20, July.

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