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A Person-Centered Approach to the Job Demands–Control Model: A Multifunctioning Test of Addictive and Buffer Hypotheses to Explain Burnout

Author

Listed:
  • Mafalda Gameiro

    (CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Maria José Chambel

    (CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal)

  • Vânia Sofia Carvalho

    (CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

This study used a cross-sectional design and a person-centered approach in order to test the addictive and interactive strain hypotheses of Job Demands–Control Model to explain burnout. A large sample ( n = 6357) of Portuguese workers (nurses, bank employees, retail traders, and contact center agents) was used. Through latent profile analysis (LPA), first latent profiles of demands and control were identified and then it was examined how these profiles differed in workplace well-being (engagement and burnout) through an ANCOVA. The four hypothesized profiles (i.e., “high-strain”, “low-Strain”, “passive”, and “active”) and one more profile denominated “moderate active”, emerged from LPA analysis. The hypotheses were supported in both addictive effects and interactive effects (buffer hypothesis), suggesting that the difficulty in finding consistent support for the buffer hypothesis might be related to the use of variable-centered approaches. Moreover, this reinforces that, in organizational practice, job control is a crucial characteristic to face job demands, as job control will buffer job demands’ harmful effects on workplace well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Mafalda Gameiro & Maria José Chambel & Vânia Sofia Carvalho, 2020. "A Person-Centered Approach to the Job Demands–Control Model: A Multifunctioning Test of Addictive and Buffer Hypotheses to Explain Burnout," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:23:p:8871-:d:453187
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kim, Hyosu & Kao, Dennis, 2014. "A meta-analysis of turnover intention predictors among U.S. child welfare workers," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(P3), pages 214-223.
    2. Vânia Carvalho & Maria Chambel, 2014. "Work-to-Family Enrichment and Employees’ Well-Being: High Performance Work System and Job Characteristics," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 119(1), pages 373-387, October.
    3. Nanhee Kim & Yun Jin Kang & Jinsoo Choi & Young Woo Sohn, 2020. "The Crossover Effects of Supervisors’ Workaholism on Subordinates’ Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Two Types of Job Demands and Emotional Exhaustion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-17, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Igor Portoghese & Maura Galletta & Michael P. Leiter & Gabriele Finco & Ernesto d’Aloja & Marcello Campagna, 2020. "Job Demand-Control-Support Latent Profiles and Their Relationships with Interpersonal Stressors, Job Burnout, and Intrinsic Work Motivation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-21, December.
    2. Sang-Woo Kim & Junghee Ha & June-Hee Lee & Jin-Ha Yoon, 2021. "Association between Job-Related Factors and Work-Related Anxiety, and Moderating Effect of Decision-Making Authority in Korean Wageworkers: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-10, May.
    3. Modesta Morkevičiūtė & Auksė Endriulaitienė, 2023. "The Role of an Individual and a Situation in Explaining Work Addiction: Disclosing Complex Relations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-22, March.

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