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Relationship between the Manner of Mobile Phone Use and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in University Students

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  • Aleksandar Višnjić

    (Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
    Institute of Public Health of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Vladica Veličković

    (Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Dušan Sokolović

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Miodrag Stanković

    (Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
    Clinic for Mental Health Protection, Clinical Centre of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Kristijan Mijatović

    (Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy)

  • Miodrag Stojanović

    (Institute of Public Health of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
    Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of University, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Zoran Milošević

    (Institute of Public Health of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
    Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty of University, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

  • Olivera Radulović

    (Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
    Institute of Public Health of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia)

Abstract

Objectives : There is insufficient evidence regarding the potential risk of mobile phone use on mental health. Therefore, the aim of this research was to examine the relationship between mobile phone use and mental health by measuring the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Serbia and Italy. Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out at two distinguished universities in Serbia and Italy from March to May of the 2015/2016 academic year and included 785 students of both genders. The questionnaire was compiled and developed from different published sources regarding the manner and intensity of mobile phone use, along with the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 42) for measuring psychological health. The statistical analysis of the data included the application of binary logistic regression and correlation tests. Results: Statistical analysis indicates that anxiety symptoms are somewhat more present in younger students (odds ratio (OR) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.96), in those who send more text messages SMSs (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.11–1.31), and in those who browse the internet less frequently (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.95). Stress is more common in students who make fewer calls a day (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64–0.97), as well in those who spend more time talking on the mobile phone per day (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12–1.56). The strongest predictor of high stress levels was keeping the mobile phone less than 1 m away during sleeping (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.12–2.08). Conclusions: The results indicated that the intensity and modality of mobile phone use could be a factor that can influence causal pathways leading to mental health problems in the university student population.

Suggested Citation

  • Aleksandar Višnjić & Vladica Veličković & Dušan Sokolović & Miodrag Stanković & Kristijan Mijatović & Miodrag Stojanović & Zoran Milošević & Olivera Radulović, 2018. "Relationship between the Manner of Mobile Phone Use and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:4:p:697-:d:139997
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Suzanne Roggeveen & Jim van Os & Wolfgang Viechtbauer & Richel Lousberg, 2015. "EEG Changes Due to Experimentally Induced 3G Mobile Phone Radiation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Christoph Augner & Gerhard Hacker, 2012. "Associations between problematic mobile phone use and psychological parameters in young adults," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 57(2), pages 437-441, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mohammad Farhan Al. Qudah & Ismael Salamah Albursan & Heba Ibraheem Hammad & Ahmad Mohammad Alzoubi & Salaheldin Farah Bakhiet & Abdullah M. Almanie & Soltan S. Alenizi & Suliman S. Aljomaa & Mohammed, 2021. "Anxiety about COVID-19 Infection, and Its Relation to Smartphone Addiction and Demographic Variables in Middle Eastern Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-14, October.
    2. Dan Ma & Hao Yuan, 2021. "Neighborhood Environment, Internet Use and Mental Distress among Older Adults: The Case of Shanghai, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Isidora Vujčić & Teodora Safiye & Bojana Milikić & Emina Popović & Draško Dubljanin & Eleonora Dubljanin & Jakša Dubljanin & Milanko Čabarkapa, 2021. "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic and Mental Health Status in the General Adult Population of Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-15, February.
    4. Syahrir Zaini & Harvin Anbu Manivanna Bharathy & Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman & Jesjeet Singh Gill & Koh Ong Hui & Hasniza Zaman Huri & Siti Hadijah Shamsudin & Ng Chong Guan, 2018. "Development of a Strategic Tool for Shared Decision-Making in the Use of Antidepressants among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Focus Group Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Jianmin Wang & Wang Li & Liang Ding & Shulei Chen, 2022. "The Relationship between Duration of Smartphone Uses and Anxiety in University Students during the COVID-19 Outbreak," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-8, May.

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