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Two-Stage Multi-Objective Optimal Planning of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid by Using ϵ -Constraint Method

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Mahmoudian

    (School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia)

  • Junwei Lu

    (School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia)

Abstract

In this paper, a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming (MOMILP) approach is proposed for the optimal planning of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and the interlink converter (ILC) in hybrid AC/DC microgrids (HMGs). The ILC is the backbone of the HMG, facilitating power exchange between the sub-grids. It plays a vital role in enhancing the stability of the HMG by balancing power between subsystems. Economically, the ILC enables the transfer of surplus power and lower-cost energy between the AC and DC microgrids. Therefore, selecting an optimal size for the ILC is critical from both technical and economic perspectives. However, existing studies have overlooked the optimal sizing of the ILC and its associated stress factors in the planning of HMGs. This paper proposes a multi-objective planning approach for HMGs that considers both calendar and cyclic ageing of BESSs. The performance of the proposed strategy is compared with the most widely used existing methods. The results confirm the superiority of the proposed planning approach in terms of both technical performance and economic efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Mahmoudian & Junwei Lu, 2025. "Two-Stage Multi-Objective Optimal Planning of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid by Using ϵ -Constraint Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:8:p:1905-:d:1630998
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Valencia-Díaz, Alejandro & Toro, Eliana M. & Hincapié, Ricardo A., 2025. "Optimal planning and management of the energy–water–carbon nexus in hybrid AC/DC microgrids for sustainable development of remote communities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PB).
    2. Umair Hussan & Huaizhi Wang & Muhammad Ahsan Ayub & Hamna Rasheed & Muhammad Asghar Majeed & Jianchun Peng & Hui Jiang, 2024. "Decentralized Stochastic Recursive Gradient Method for Fully Decentralized OPF in Multi-Area Power Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Xiong Wu & Zhao Wang & Tao Ding & Zhiyi Li, 2019. "Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Planning with Optimal Placement of DC Feeders," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, May.
    4. Fudong Li & Zonghao Shi & Zhihao Zhu & Yongjun Gan, 2025. "Energy Management Strategy for Direct Current Microgrids with Consideration of Photovoltaic Power Tracking Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-29, January.
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