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A Brief Review of the Impregnation Process with Dielectric Fluids of Cellulosic Materials Used in Electric Power Transformers

Author

Listed:
  • J. Sanz

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Energética, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, n°46, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • C. J. Renedo

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Energética, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, n°46, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • A. Ortiz

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Energética, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, n°46, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • P. J. Quintanilla

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Energética, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, n°46, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • F. Ortiz

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y Energética, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, n°46, 39005 Santander, Spain)

  • D. F. García

    (School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 n° 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia)

Abstract

In the manufacturing of power transformers, the impregnation of the solid electric insulation systems (cellulosic materials) with a dielectric liquid is a key issue for increasing the breakdown voltage of the insulation, and this prevents the apparition of partial discharges that deteriorate the insulation system. After introducing the problem, this article presents the theory of impregnation and later carries out a bibliographical review. Traditionally, mineral oils have been used as the dielectric liquid in electrical transformers, but for environmental (low biodegradability) and safety (low ignition temperature) reasons, since the mid-1980s, their substitution with other ester-type fluids has been studied. However, these liquids have some drawbacks, including their higher viscosity (especially at low temperatures). This property, among other aspects, makes the impregnation of cellulosic materials, which is part of the transformer manufacturing process, difficult, and therefore this tends to lengthen the manufacturing times of these machines.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Sanz & C. J. Renedo & A. Ortiz & P. J. Quintanilla & F. Ortiz & D. F. García, 2023. "A Brief Review of the Impregnation Process with Dielectric Fluids of Cellulosic Materials Used in Electric Power Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3673-:d:1132054
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Teresa Nogueira & José Carvalho & José Magano, 2022. "Eco-Friendly Ester Fluid for Power Transformers versus Mineral Oil: Design Considerations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-18, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wiktor Kunikowski & Pawel Rozga & Bartlomiej Pasternak & Jakub Staniewski & Filip Stuchala & Konrad Strzelecki, 2024. "Impact of Electrode Distance in a Quasi-Uniform Model Electrode System on Lightning Impulse Breakdown Voltage in Various Insulating Liquids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-18, February.

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