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A Survey of Islanding Detection Methods for Microgrids and Assessment of Non-Detection Zones in Comparison with Grid Codes

Author

Listed:
  • José Antonio Cebollero

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • David Cañete

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Susana Martín-Arroyo

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Miguel García-Gracia

    (Electrical Engineering Department, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain)

  • Helder Leite

    (Faculty of Engineering (FEUP), University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal)

Abstract

Detection of unintentional islanding is critical in microgrids in order to guarantee personal safety and avoid equipment damage. Most islanding detection techniques are based on monitoring and detecting abnormalities in magnitudes such as frequency, voltage, current and power. However, in normal operation, the utility grid has fluctuations in voltage and frequency, and grid codes establish that local generators must remain connected if deviations from the nominal values do not exceed the defined thresholds and ramps. This means that islanding detection methods could not detect islanding if there are fluctuations that do not exceed the grid code requirements, known as the non-detection zone (NDZ). A survey on the benefits of islanding detection techniques is provided, showing the advantages and disadvantages of each one. NDZs size of the most common passive islanding detection methods are calculated and obtained by simulation and compared with the limits obtained by ENTSO-E and islanding standards in the function of grid codes requirements in order to compare the effectiveness of different techniques and the suitability of each one.

Suggested Citation

  • José Antonio Cebollero & David Cañete & Susana Martín-Arroyo & Miguel García-Gracia & Helder Leite, 2022. "A Survey of Islanding Detection Methods for Microgrids and Assessment of Non-Detection Zones in Comparison with Grid Codes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-30, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:2:p:460-:d:721246
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Khan, Mohammed Ali & Haque, Ahteshamul & Kurukuru, V.S. Bharath & Saad, Mekhilef, 2022. "Islanding detection techniques for grid-connected photovoltaic systems-A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    2. Mehdi Hosseinzadeh & Farzad Rajaei Salmasi, 2020. "Islanding Fault Detection in Microgrids—A Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-28, July.
    3. Ku Ahmad, Ku Nurul Edhura & Selvaraj, Jeyraj & Rahim, Nasrudin Abd, 2013. "A review of the islanding detection methods in grid-connected PV inverters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 756-766.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ênio Costa Resende & Henrique Tannús de Moura Carvalho & Luiz Carlos Gomes Freitas, 2022. "Implementation and Critical Analysis of the Active Phase Jump with Positive Feedback Anti-Islanding Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-27, June.
    2. Sowmya Ramachandradurai & Narayanan Krishnan & Natarajan Prabaharan, 2022. "Unintentional Passive Islanding Detection and Prevention Method with Reduced Non-Detection Zones," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-26, April.

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