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Propagation of Overvoltages in the Form of Impulse, Chopped and Oscillating Waveforms in Transformer Windings—Time and Frequency Domain Approach

Author

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  • Marek Florkowski

    (Department of Electrical and Power Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Jakub Furgał

    (Department of Electrical and Power Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

  • Maciej Kuniewski

    (Department of Electrical and Power Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland)

Abstract

This paper describes a comparison of overvoltage propagation in transformer windings. Expanding and evolving electrical networks comprise various classes of transient waveforms, related to network reconfigurations, failure stages and switching phenomena, including new sources based on power electronics devices. In particular, the integration of renewable energy sources—mainly solar and wind—as well as expanding charging and energy storage infrastructure for electric cars in smart cities results in network flexibility manifested by switching phenomena and transients propagation, both impulse and oscillating. Those external transients, having a magnitude below the applied protection level may have still a considerable effect on winding electrical insulation in transformers, mainly due to internal resonance phenomena, which have been the root cause of many transformer failures. Such cases might occur if the frequency content of the incoming waveform matches the resonance zones of the winding frequency characteristic. Due to this coincidence, the measurements were performed both in time and frequency domain, applying various classes of transients, representing impulse, chopped (time to chopping from 1 µs to 50 µs) and oscillating overvoltages. An additional novelty was a superposition of a full lighting impulse with an oscillating component in the form of a modulated wavelet. The comparison of propagation of those waveforms along the winding length as well as a transfer case between high and low voltage windings were analyzed. The presented mapping of overvoltage prone zones along the winding length can contribute to transformer design optimization, development of novel diagnostic methodology, improved protection concepts and the proper design of modern networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Marek Florkowski & Jakub Furgał & Maciej Kuniewski, 2020. "Propagation of Overvoltages in the Form of Impulse, Chopped and Oscillating Waveforms in Transformer Windings—Time and Frequency Domain Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:2:p:304-:d:306263
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rafael B. Rodrigues & Victor M. F. Mendes & João P. S. Catalão, 2012. "Analysis of Transient Phenomena Due to a Direct Lightning Strike on a Wind Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(7), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Qing Yang & Peiyu Su & Yong Chen, 2017. "Comparison of Impulse Wave and Sweep Frequency Response Analysis Methods for Diagnosis of Transformer Winding Faults," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Ziwei Zhang & Wensheng Gao & Tusongjiang Kari & Huan Lin, 2018. "Identification of Power Transformer Winding Fault Types by a Hierarchical Dimension Reduction Classifier," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Avinash Srikanta Murthy & Norhafiz Azis & Mohd Fairouz Mohd Yousof & Jasronita Jasni & Mohammad Lutfi Othman & Mohd Aizam Talib & Bhaba Priyo Das, 2019. "Investigation on the Resonant Oscillations in an 11 kV Distribution Transformer under Standard and Chopped Lightning Impulse Overvoltages with Different Shield Placement Configurations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-24, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jakub Furgał & Maciej Kuniewski & Piotr Pająk, 2020. "Analysis of Internal Overvoltages in Transformer Windings during Transients in Electrical Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, May.
    2. Marek Florkowski & Jakub Furgał & Maciej Kuniewski & Piotr Pająk, 2020. "Overvoltage Impact on Internal Insulation Systems of Transformers in Electrical Networks with Vacuum Circuit Breakers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Arputhasamy Joseph Amalanathan & Ramanujam Sarathi & Maciej Zdanowski & Ravikrishnan Vinu & Zbigniew Nadolny, 2023. "Review on Gassing Tendency of Different Insulating Fluids towards Transformer Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Marek Florkowski & Jakub Furgał & Maciej Kuniewski, 2021. "Lightning Impulse Overvoltage Propagation in HVDC Meshed Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-21, May.
    5. Bojan Trkulja & Ana Drandić & Viktor Milardić & Igor Žiger, 2021. "Evaluation of Methodology for Lightning Impulse Voltage Distribution over High-Voltage Windings of Inductive Voltage Transformers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Mahdi Pourakbari-Kasmaei & Farhan Mahmood & Michal Krbal & Ludek Pelikan & Jaroslava Orságová & Petr Toman & Matti Lehtonen, 2020. "Evaluation of Filtered Spark Gap on the Lightning Protection of Distribution Transformers: Experimental and Simulation Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-23, July.

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