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Modular Multilevel Converter for Photovoltaic Application with High Energy Yield under Uneven Irradiance

Author

Listed:
  • Anirudh Budnar Acharya

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Dezso Sera

    (School of Electrical Engineering and Robotics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia)

  • Remus Teodorescu

    (Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Lars Einar Norum

    (Department of Electric Power Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

Abstract

The direct integration of Photovoltaic (PV) to the three-phase Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) without dc–dc converters results in high-efficiency PV power plant with increased energy yield. The arm power control method for the MMC further improves the extraction of available power under uneven irradiance across different phases of the MMC. However, the uneven irradiance between the sub-modules results in residual voltage that results in harmonics and unbalance components. In this paper, the effect of uneven irradiance across the sub-module of the MMC is investigated with arm power control method. A modified balancing algorithm for the arm power control of the MMC is proposed which enables balanced power to be injected into ac grid despite uneven irradiance across the sub-modules in the MMC. The modified balancing algorithm enables to keep the unbalance in the phase currents below 10% and the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is confined as per IEEE 519 standard.

Suggested Citation

  • Anirudh Budnar Acharya & Dezso Sera & Remus Teodorescu & Lars Einar Norum, 2020. "Modular Multilevel Converter for Photovoltaic Application with High Energy Yield under Uneven Irradiance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:10:p:2619-:d:361018
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Seyed Mehdi Hakimi & Amin Hajizadeh, 2018. "Integration of Photovoltaic Power Units to Power Distribution System through Modular Multilevel Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, October.
    2. Anirudh Budnar Acharya & Mattia Ricco & Dezso Sera & Remus Teodorescu & Lars Einar Norum, 2019. "Arm Power Control of the Modular Multilevel Converter in Photovoltaic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hasan Erteza Gelani & Faizan Dastgeer & Mashood Nasir & Sidra Khan & Josep M. Guerrero, 2021. "AC vs. DC Distribution Efficiency: Are We on the Right Path?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-26, July.
    2. Murthy Priya & Pathipooranam Ponnambalam, 2022. "Circulating Current Control of Phase-Shifted Carrier-Based Modular Multilevel Converter Fed by Fuel Cell Employing Fuzzy Logic Control Technique," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-26, August.
    3. Mario Lopez & Hendrik Fehr & Marcelo A. Perez & Albrecht Gensior, 2021. "Pareto Frontier of the Arm Energy Ripple and the Conduction Losses of a Modular Multilevel Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-20, January.

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