Experimental Dataset of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Laboratory Biocover Experiment

The dataset presented in this manuscript consists of three distinct sets of data collected during a laboratory experiment aimed at quantifying the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), specifically methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). The experiment was conducted in three phases, each initiated at different times. The first phase began on 6 June 2022, using a biocover composed of 60% fine-fraction waste, 20% clay soil, and 20% stabilized compost. The second phase commenced on 26 August 2022, with two biocover variants: one composed of 50% fine-fraction waste and 50% clay soil, and the other consisting of 40% fine-fraction waste, 40% clay soil, and 20% shredded paper. The final phase started on 27 October 2022, introducing two biocovers: one containing 25% dried algae, 25% fine-fraction waste, 25% gravel (0–20 mm), and 25% ash, and the other composed of 40% fine-fraction waste, 40% dried algae, and 20% chernozem. Emission assessments were conducted three weeks after the biocover installation to allow for settling and stabilization, followed by weekly measurements two to three days before irrigation with 250 mL of water to simulate field conditions. GHG emission quantification was carried out using the Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy gas measurement device, Picarro G2508. This dataset offers substantial scientific value for advancing biocover technologies aimed at reducing GHG emissions in landfill environments, particularly for mitigating methane emissions. In addition to initial experimental use, the dataset offers a wide range of possibilities for reuse, including modeling landfill gas emissions, validating gas flow measurement methods, developing machine learning models, and performing meta-analyses. Its detailed structure facilitates multi-faceted environmental research and supports optimization of landfill management.