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Optimization and Experimental Study of a Soil Loosening and Root Lifting Device for Shanghai Green ( Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ) Harvesting Based on an EDEM-RecurDyn Simulation

Author

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  • Qingqing Dai

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Zhiyu Zuo

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Qinghui Zheng

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Yongqiang Fu

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Shenghe Zhang

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Hanping Mao

    (College of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

Abstract

To mitigate the high stubble rates (root residue rates) and plant damage associated with the current mechanized harvesting of Shanghai Green ( Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ), this study developed and optimized a novel soil loosening and root lifting device. A theoretical dynamic model was first established to analyze the device’s operational principles. Subsequently, a coupled multi-body dynamics and discrete element method (RecurDyn-EDEM) model was established to simulate the complex interactions between the device, soil, and plant roots. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize key operational parameters: walking speed, loosening depth, and vibration frequency. The simulation-based optimization was validated by field tests. The optimal parameters were identified as a walking speed of 0.137 m/s, a loosening depth of 34.5 mm, and a vibration frequency of 1.34 Hz, under which the Shanghai Green pulling force was 35.41 N, yielding optimal extraction performance. Field tests conducted under these optimal conditions demonstrated excellent performance, achieving a qualified plant posture rate of 87.5% and a low damage rate of 7.5%. This research provides a robust design and validated operational parameters, offering significant technical support for the development of low-loss harvesting equipment for leafy vegetables.

Suggested Citation

  • Qingqing Dai & Zhiyu Zuo & Qinghui Zheng & Yongqiang Fu & Shenghe Zhang & Hanping Mao, 2025. "Optimization and Experimental Study of a Soil Loosening and Root Lifting Device for Shanghai Green ( Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ) Harvesting Based on an EDEM-RecurDyn Simulation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-25, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:15:y:2025:i:17:p:1865-:d:1738782
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Simo Liu & Xuhui Yang & Zhe Zhang & Jianing Xu & Ping Zhao & Subo Tian & Lihua Wei & Xiaofeng Ning, 2025. "Design and Simulation of Chinese Cabbage Harvester," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Gaowei Xu & Huimin Fang & Yumin Song & Wensheng Du, 2023. "Optimal Design and Analysis of Cavitating Law for Well-Cellar Cavitating Mechanism Based on MBD-DEM Bidirectional Coupling Model," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, January.
    3. Hao Yuan & Shifei Liang & Jing Wang & Yikang Lu, 2022. "Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Vibrating Rice Filling Based on EDEM Software," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, November.
    4. Xinjie Ji & Jianguo Yan & Shengshi Xie, 2024. "Design and Experimental Testing of Potato Drip Irrigation Tape Recycling Machine," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, August.
    5. Ze Liu & Hanping Mao & Yana Wang & Tao Jiang & Zhiyu Zuo & Jiajun Chai & Chengyi Liu & Lei Shen & Shuocheng Wei & Guoxin Ma, 2025. "Design and Experiment of a Universal Harvesting Platform for Cabbage and Chinese Cabbage," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-29, April.
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