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Design and Experiment of Planting Mechanism of Automatic Transplanter for Densely Planted Vegetables

Author

Listed:
  • Jiawei Shi

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Jianping Hu

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Jing Li

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Wei Liu

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Rencai Yue

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Tengfei Zhang

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Mengjiao Yao

    (Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

Abstract

The planting mechanism of existing transplanters cannot meet the agronomic requirements of planting densely planted vegetables with multiple rows, small plant spacing, and small row spacing. In order to solve this current problem, an eight-row duckbill planting mechanism driven by a motor and a cylinder was designed. According to the agronomic guidance and mechanism design requirements for transplanting densely planted vegetable seedlings, this paper analyzes the working principle of the planting mechanism, establishes its kinematic theoretical model, and determines the structural parameters of the driving device and opening and closing device in the planting mechanism. Aimed at the problem of large planting resistance when eight-row planting end effectors of the planting mechanism are planting at the same time, based on the existing research, three duckbill planting end effectors with double incisions, four incisions, and conical structures were selected, and the planting process was simulated using an EDEM 2022-RecurDyn 2024 coupling simulation. The single-factor analysis method and the interactive factor Box–Behnken response surface analysis method were used. It is concluded that the duckbill end effector with double incisions has the smallest planting resistance, and the rationality of the mechanism design is preliminarily verified. A planting resistance measurement platform was built based on the STM32 platform and HX711 module, and a planting resistance test of the duckbill planting end effector was carried out to verify the correctness of the planting mechanism simulation results. The planting mechanism performance test was carried out, and the test results showed that the planting qualification rate of the prototype reached 96.62%, the planting spacing variation coefficient was only 3.55%, and the planting efficiency reached about 7135 plants/h, which met the agronomic requirements of small plant spacing and small row spacing for densely planted vegetables and verified the feasibility and practicality of the planting mechanism.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiawei Shi & Jianping Hu & Jing Li & Wei Liu & Rencai Yue & Tengfei Zhang & Mengjiao Yao, 2024. "Design and Experiment of Planting Mechanism of Automatic Transplanter for Densely Planted Vegetables," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:8:p:1357-:d:1456020
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wei Liu & Shijie Tian & Qingyu Wang & Huanyu Jiang, 2023. "Key Technologies of Plug Tray Seedling Transplanters in Protected Agriculture: A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Spencer Stubbs & Jonathan Colton, 2022. "The Design of a Mechanized Onion Transplanter for Bangladesh with Functional Testing," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, October.
    3. Guangwei Wu & Shoujiang Wang & Anqi Zhang & Yuejin Xiao & Liwei Li & Yanxin Yin & Hanqing Li & Changkai Wen & Bingxin Yan, 2023. "Optimized Design and Experiment of a Self-Covering Furrow Opener for an Automatic Sweet Potato Seedling Transplanting Machine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, August.
    4. Pengfei Li & Zhihao Yun & Kaihang Gao & Laiqiang Si & Xinwu Du, 2022. "Design and Test of a Force Feedback Seedling Pick-Up Gripper for an Automatic Transplanter," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-17, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Meng Chen & Yang Xu & Changjie Han & Desheng Li & Binning Yang & Shilong Qiu & Yan Luo & Hanping Mao & Xu Ma, 2025. "Design and Testing of Miniaturized Electrically Driven Plug Seedling Transplanter," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Renzhong Wang & Sunyang Zhang & Yifei Yang & Yifang Wen & Xiaodong Sun & Zhongzhuang Zhou & Yuting Li, 2025. "Overview of Deadbeat Predictive Control Technology for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Zifeng Pei & Li Zhang & Haijun Fu & Yucheng Wang, 2025. "New Fault-Tolerant Sensorless Control of FPFTPM Motor Based on Hybrid Adaptive Robust Observation for Electric Agricultural Equipment Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Bo Cheng & Huarui Wu & Huaji Zhu & Jie Liang & Yisheng Miao & Youlin Cui & Weitang Song, 2024. "Current Status and Analysis of Key Technologies in Automatic Transplanters for Vegetables in China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-30, November.

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