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Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Adults Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lusaka District, Zambia

Author

Listed:
  • Peryson Kekelwa Kalaluka

    (Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Zambia)

  • Anatolii Tsarkov

    (University of Zambia, Zambia)

  • Petro Petlovanyi

    (University of Zambia, Zambia)

  • Richard Kunda

    (Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Zambia)

  • Simon Himalowa

    (Lusaka Apex Medical University, Zambia)

  • Phoebe Bwembya

    (University of Zambia, Zambia)

  • Chiza Kumwenda

    (University of Zambia, Zambia)

  • Gabriel Mpundu

    (Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Zambia)

  • Crecious Phiri

    (Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Zambia)

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, affects approximately 25% of the global population, with a significant impact on the 37,900,000 people living with HIV in 2017. Objective: This cross-sectional study (April-July 2020) in Lusaka District aimed to assess dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome risk in 180 randomly sampled HIV-positive individuals (aged 18 and above) from three health facilities. Methods: Participants underwent anthropometric measurements, blood pressure checks, and biochemical assessments. High prevalence rates were observed for factors like high waist-hip ratio (39%), high total cholesterol (52%), high triglycerides (46%), and high blood pressure (33%). Results: Three dietary clusters (omnivorous, vegetarian, unclassified) showed no significant association with metabolic syndrome or its components (p > 0.05). Conclusion: While metabolic syndrome prevalence among HIV-positive individuals is low, there are notable occurrences of high blood pressure and predictors of non-communicable diseases. Commonly consumed foods did not show a significant association with metabolic syndrome predictors (p > 0.05).

Suggested Citation

  • Peryson Kekelwa Kalaluka & Anatolii Tsarkov & Petro Petlovanyi & Richard Kunda & Simon Himalowa & Phoebe Bwembya & Chiza Kumwenda & Gabriel Mpundu & Crecious Phiri, 2024. "Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Adults Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lusaka District, Zambia," European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, European Open Science, vol. 6(1), pages 17-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:ejmed0:v:6:y:2024:i:1:id:42032
    DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.1.2032
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