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Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia

Author

Listed:
  • Bona Mwiinga Hamoonga
  • Anatolii Tsarkov
  • Petro Petlovanyi
  • Pamela Ayiera Marinda
  • Chiza Kumwenda
  • Tom Joseph Oguta
  • Evans Musonda
  • Crecious Phiri

Abstract

Background: The Zambia National Health Strategic Plan (ZNHSP) 2011–2017 underscores the need for community-level risk factor stratification to bolster insufficient incidence and prevalence data. This study evaluates the prevalence and incidence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) and assesses associations with ARV use. Methodology: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the SMART CARE database in Chongwe district, involving 2070 HIV-infected persons on HAART. Statistical analysis included Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression. Results: Among participants, 33.8% exhibited hypertension, with an incidence case fatality rate of 85.7 per 1000 person-years (PYFU). Hypertension was notably higher in men (64%) than women (49%) and prevalent in the 18–45 age group (57.2%). The incidence of type II diabetes was 37.4 per 1000 PYFU. Logistic regression highlighted significant predictors for both conditions, including ART combination, age, and smoking status. Conclusion: High prevalence and incidence rates of hypertension and type II diabetes were observed among HIV-positive individuals on HAART. Certain HAART combinations, particularly twoNRTIs plus a PI or INSTI, correlated with increased hypertension risk, while combinations including NNRTI or INSTI were linked to higher diabetes incidence.

Suggested Citation

  • Bona Mwiinga Hamoonga & Anatolii Tsarkov & Petro Petlovanyi & Pamela Ayiera Marinda & Chiza Kumwenda & Tom Joseph Oguta & Evans Musonda & Crecious Phiri, 2024. "Prevalence and Incidence of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Among HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving HAART in Chongwe District, Lusaka Province, Zambia," European Journal of Clinical Medicine, European Open Science, vol. 5(3), pages 6-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:clinic:v:5:y:2024:i:3:id:12338
    DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2024.5.3.338
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vernon Johnson Moonga & Anatolii Tsarkov & Petro Petlovanyi, 2023. "A Descriptive Study on the Factors Influencing Readmission of Mentally Ill Adults at Chainama Hills College Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia," European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, European Open Science, vol. 5(3), pages 51-59, April.
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