Ecophysiological Studies of Cambarellus montezumae Crayfish from Xochimilco, Mexico: Population Phenology and Water Quality Habitat

Due to the antropogenic impact in Xochimilco channels area, the objective of this research focused on updating the status of the population of Cambarellus montezumae crayfish, in relation to the spatial-temporal variation of the physical-chemical dynamics of its habitat. Five samplings were carried out covering the warm and cold seasons of the annual cycle of the species. Thirteen surface and bottom water quality variables from six sampling stations were evaluated using multivariate analysis. Population phenology was analyzed using meristic indicators (wet weight WW, total length TL, and cephalothorax length CLT), abundance (catch per unit effort: CPUE), growth pattern, sex ratio, and sexually active forms. The habitat of the species showed great environmental heterogeneity by month and season. The dynamics of the population indicated that the period of greatest abundance, reproduction and active growth occurs predominantly in the warm season when temperatures are above 20°C. The results point out a high impact and disturbance on the population and habitat due to multiple stressors of human activity. Immediate measures are suggested that take into account adjustments to the Management Plan of the protected natural area, permanent monitoring programs and sustainable projects for the mitigation, rescue and productive management of the species.