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Premios por plazo, tasas reales y catástrofes: Evidencia de Chile

Author

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  • Walker, Eduardo

    (Escuela de Administración de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

  • Lefort, Fernando

    (Escuela de Administración de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)

Abstract

This article presents stylized facts regarding the behavior of the level and structure of interest rates in Chile. Some of the conclusions may be of general interest since:1) “Real” (CPI- indexed) interest rates are considered, which allows to analyze factors other than the expected inflation and the risk associated with it; and 2) Chile is one of the few “emerging” economies that has a long-term fixed-income market in “local currency”. There are several interesting results. First, interest rates tend to show sudden upward moves, mostly linked with shocks from the external sector, which generate important losses in long-term fixed-income instruments. Second, there is strong mean-rever-sion in the level of interest rates, which is much faster in the case of short-term rates. This leads to variable and predictable term-premia (or excess return with respect to the short-term alternative). This predictability increases with the prediction horizon and is inconsistent with the expectations hypothesis for interest rates. The level of the expected term-premium is directly related with the level of the long-term interest rate (but not with the spread between long and short rates). Interest rates tend to be higher when production growth rates are higher and when the balance of trade is lower, which implies greater vulnerability to external shocks. In an open economy, “high” expected excess return should imply massive capital inflows, unless it corresponds to a risk premium. The evidence is consistent with this interpretation.// Este artículo documenta hechos estilizados relacionados con el comportamiento del nivel y la estructura de las tasas de interés en Chile. Algunas de las conclusiones pueden ser generales pues: i)se consideran tasas de interés “reales” (ligadas a la inflación), lo que permite analizar factores diferentes de la inflación esperada y el riesgo asociado a ella, y ii) Chile es de los pocos países “emergentes” que posee un mercado de deuda de largo plazo a tasa fija en “moneda local”. Hay diversos resultados interesantes. Primero, tiende a haber aumentos súbitos en las tasas de interés, ligados a choques provenientes del sector externo, que generan importantes pérdidas en los instrumentos de largo plazo. Segundo, existe reversión a la media en los niveles de las tasas de interés, siendo más rápida en el caso de las tasas de corto plazo, lo que da origen a premios o plazo (o rendimientos excedentes del obtenido por invertir en papeles de corto plazo) variables y predicciones en el tiempo. La predictibilidad de dichos premios, que aumenta con el horizonte de predicción, es incongruente con la hipótesis de expectativas para las tasas de interés. El monto esperado del premio por plazo depende directamente de las tasas de interés de largo plazo (más no de su diferencia con las tasas de corto plazo). Las tasas de interés son mayores cuanto mayor es el crecimiento del producto y menor el saldo de la balanza comercial, lo que implica mayor vulnerabilidad frente a crisis externas. En una economía abierta la predicción de un “alto” excedente de rendimiento implica una masiva entrada de capitales, a menos que corresponda a una remuneración por riesgo. La evidencia es congruente con esta interpretación.

Suggested Citation

  • Walker, Eduardo & Lefort, Fernando, 2002. "Premios por plazo, tasas reales y catástrofes: Evidencia de Chile," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(274), pages 191-225, abril-jun.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:69:y:2002:i:274:p:191-225
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    Cited by:

    1. Claudio Raddatz & Sergio Schmukler, 2013. "Deconstructing Herding: Evidence from Pension Fund Investment Behavior," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 43(1), pages 99-126, February.
    2. Raddatz, Claudio & Schmukler, Sergio L., 2008. "Pension Funds And Capital Market Development:How Much Bang For The Buck?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4787, The World Bank.

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