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A proof of the Markov chain tree theorem

Author

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  • Anantharam, V.
  • Tsoucas, P.

Abstract

Let X be a finite set, P be a stochastic matrix on X, and = limn --> [infinity] (1/n)[summation operator]n-1k=0Pk. Let G = (X, E) be the weighted directed graph on X associated to P, with weights pij. An arborescence is a subset a [subset, double equals] E which has at most one edge out of every node, contains no cycles, and has maximum possible cardinality. The weight of an arborescence is the product of its edge weights. Let denote the set of all arborescences. Let ij denote the set of all arborescences which have j as a root and in which there is a directed path from i to j. Let [short parallel][short parallel], resp. [short parallel]ij[short parallel], be the sum of the weights of the arborescences in , resp. ij. The Markov chain tree theorem states that ij = [short parallel]ij[short parallel]/[short parallel][short parallel]. We give a proof of this theorem which is probabilistic in nature.

Suggested Citation

  • Anantharam, V. & Tsoucas, P., 1989. "A proof of the Markov chain tree theorem," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 189-192, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:stapro:v:8:y:1989:i:2:p:189-192
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    Cited by:

    1. Dubey, Pradeep & Sahi, Siddhartha & Shubik, Martin, 2018. "Money as minimal complexity," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 432-451.
    2. L. Avena & A. Gaudillière, 2018. "Two Applications of Random Spanning Forests," Journal of Theoretical Probability, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 1975-2004, December.
    3. Candogan, Ozan & Ozdaglar, Asuman & Parrilo, Pablo A., 2013. "Dynamics in near-potential games," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 66-90.
    4. Choi, Michael C.H. & Huang, Zhipeng, 2023. "Generalized Markov chain tree theorem and Kemeny’s constant for a class of non-Markovian matrices," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).

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