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Socioeconomic determinants of mortality in two Canadian provinces: Multilevel modelling and neighborhood context

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  • Roos, Leslie L.
  • Magoon, Jennifer
  • Gupta, Sumit
  • Chateau, Dan
  • Veugelers, Paul J.

Abstract

The influence of individual and contextual socioeconomic variables on mortality is compared in two Canadian provinces, Manitoba and Nova Scotia. Although differing substantially in size, ethnic mix, and history, both provinces provide greater access to health and social services as well as fewer income inequalities than the United States. A total of 8032 Manitoba respondents (followed from 1996-97 to 2002) and 2116 Nova Scotia respondents (followed from 1990 to 1999) were linked to the appropriate Canadian census as a source of neighborhood characteristics. Data were analyzed using individual- and multi-level logistic regression. Well-educated and higher income individuals were less likely to die during follow-up. No significant direct effect was found between neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and mortality. However, both provinces showed an increased importance of individual income vis-à-vis mortality in advantaged neighborhoods relative to disadvantaged neighborhoods. Additional Manitoba analyses showed a "healthy mover" effect among respondents changing place of residence, regardless of whether they moved to more advantaged or more disadvantaged neighborhoods. The findings are discussed in the context of differences in health and health care among Canada, the United States, and other OECD countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Roos, Leslie L. & Magoon, Jennifer & Gupta, Sumit & Chateau, Dan & Veugelers, Paul J., 2004. "Socioeconomic determinants of mortality in two Canadian provinces: Multilevel modelling and neighborhood context," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 59(7), pages 1435-1447, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:59:y:2004:i:7:p:1435-1447
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. van Hooijdonk, Carolien & Droomers, Mariël & van Loon, Jeanne A.M. & van der Lucht, Fons & Kunst, Anton E., 2007. "Exceptions to the rule: Healthy deprived areas and unhealthy wealthy areas," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(6), pages 1326-1342, March.
    2. Gulati, Namrata & Ray, Tridip, 2016. "Inequality, neighbourhoods and welfare of the poor," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 214-228.
    3. Chun-Ming Chang & Yu-Chieh Su & Ning-Sheng Lai & Kuang-Yung Huang & Sou-Hsin Chien & Yu-Han Chang & Wei-Cheng Lian & Ta-Wen Hsu & Ching-Chih Lee, 2012. "The Combined Effect of Individual and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status on Cancer Survival Rates," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-10, August.
    4. Steven Prus, 2007. "Age, SES, and Health: A Population Level Analysis of Health Inequalities over the Life Course," Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers 181, McMaster University.
    5. Meijer, Mathias & Röhl, Jeannette & Bloomfield, Kim & Grittner, Ulrike, 2012. "Do neighborhoods affect individual mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis of multilevel studies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(8), pages 1204-1212.
    6. Martin Gächter & Engelbert Theurl, 2010. "Convergence of the Health Status at the Local Level: Empirical Evidence from Austria," NRN working papers 2010-09, The Austrian Center for Labor Economics and the Analysis of the Welfare State, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    7. Högberg, Björn & Strandh, Mattias & Petersen, Solveig & Johansson, Klara, 2019. "Education system stratification and health complaints among school-aged children," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 159-166.
    8. Nancy A. Ross & Lisa N. Oliver & Paul J. Villeneuve, 2013. "The Contribution of Neighbourhood Material and Social Deprivation to Survival: A 22-Year Follow-up of More than 500,000 Canadians," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, April.
    9. Albor, C. & Uphoff, E.P. & Stafford, M. & Ballas, D. & Wilkinson, R.G. & Pickett, K.E., 2014. "The effects of socioeconomic incongruity in the neighbourhood on social support, self-esteem and mental health in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1-9.
    10. Kyoung-Hee Cho & Juyeong Kim & Young Choi & Tae-Hyun Kim, 2022. "The Effect of Neighborhood Deprivation on Mortality in Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Patients: A Countrywide Population-Based Korean Retrospective Cohort Study, 2002–2013," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-14, April.
    11. Roos, Leslie L. & Brownell, Marni & Lix, Lisa & Roos, Noralou P. & Walld, Randy & MacWilliam, Leonard, 2008. "From health research to social research: Privacy, methods, approaches," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 117-129, January.
    12. Hiroshi Murayama & Reiko Arami & Tomoko Wakui & Ikuko Sugawara & Satoru Yoshie, 2014. "Cross-level interaction between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic status in relation to social trust in a Japanese community," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(13), pages 2770-2786, October.

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