Cross-cultural validation and psychometric testing of the Indonesian version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey for people living with diabetes

Social support plays a crucial role in diabetes management. However, few valid tools are available for evaluating social support in Indonesia. Therefore, this study determined the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (IMOS-SSS) in people with diabetes. 539 Indonesian adults with diabetes completed the initial survey. In total, 142 participants completed two rounds of testing on the IMOS-SSS. The Cronbach's alpha of the IMOS-SSS was 0.938; with the interclass coefficient of correlation between the results for the first and second tests was 0.954 (p < 0.001). The IMOS-SSS was independently and significantly associated with the mental component of quality of life (β = 0.164, 95 % confidence interval = 0.079–0.217, p < 0.001) after adjustment for confounders. The IMOS-SSS was positively correlated with the Duke Social Support Index (r = 0.362, p < 0.001) and health-status (r = 0.099, p = 0.022) and was negatively correlated with loneliness (r = −0.186, p < 0.001) and depression (r = −0.087, p < 0.001). Factor loadings indicated adequate sampling (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = 0.941, Bartlett's test = 6839.87, p < 0.001). Four factors were retained; they explained approximately 69.75 % of the variance and model fit indices were satisfactory (NFI = 0.907, CFI = 0.928, RMSEA = 0.077, GFI = 0.888). These findings support the reliability and validity of the IMOS-SSS in adults with diabetes.