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Synthesis of triacetylglycerol by acyl exchange reaction of oils and fats with acetic acid over highly active polymeric solid acid catalyst

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  • Su, Lijuan
  • Li, Ke
  • Yan, Longfei
  • Deng, Tiansheng
  • Hou, Xianglin

Abstract

The direct production of triacetylglycerol (TAG) from oils(fats) has the advantage of high yield and simple process. However, the lack of efficient and stable catalyst restricts the process application. An appropriate catalyst necessitates a suitable textural property and a high surface acid site density. In this work, a series of polymeric solid acid catalysts with different structures were synthesized via the copolymerization of sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SPSS) and divinylbenzene (DVB) in different solvents. Over PDS-DMF-2, the TAG yield reached 93.4 % via acyl exchange reaction of oils(fats) with acetic acid due to the high acid site concentration, large specific surface area, and enhanced density of surface sulfonic acid group. Additionally, the PDS-DMF-2 exhibited excellent stability, maintaining a TAG yield of 87.2 % even after five cycles. The characterization results showed that the slow decrease in catalyst activity is primarily caused by the loss of sulfonic acid groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Su, Lijuan & Li, Ke & Yan, Longfei & Deng, Tiansheng & Hou, Xianglin, 2026. "Synthesis of triacetylglycerol by acyl exchange reaction of oils and fats with acetic acid over highly active polymeric solid acid catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:258:y:2026:i:c:s0960148125026400
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124976
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Su, Lijuan & Shao, Xiaojie & Chai, Lin & Ge, Hui & Wang, Hongliang & Cui, Xiaojing & Deng, Tiansheng & Hou, Xianglin, 2022. "Efficiently and directly produce triacetylglycerol from oils and fats over mesoporous polymeric solid acid catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 432-442.
    2. Banu, Ionut & Bumbac, Gheorghe & Bombos, Dorin & Velea, Sanda & Gălan, Ana-Maria & Bozga, Grigore, 2020. "Glycerol acetylation with acetic acid over Purolite CT-275. Product yields and process kinetics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 548-557.
    3. Jothi Ramalingam, Rajabathar & Appaturi, Jimmy Nelson & Pulingam, Thiruchelvi & Al-Lohedan, Hamad A & Al-dhayan, Dhaifallah M., 2020. "In-situ incorporation of ruthenium/copper nanoparticles in mesoporous silica derived from rice husk ash for catalytic acetylation of glycerol," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 564-574.
    4. Li, Ronghe & Wei, Zhong & Li, Hongli & Yin, Zhili & Wang, Ziqing, 2022. "Selective esterification of glycerol with acetic acid to green fuel bio-additive over a lignosulfonate-based renewable solid acid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P2), pages 125-134.
    5. dos Santos, Heitor C. & Stutz, Beatriz E. & Young, André F., 2024. "Process simulation and economic evaluation of the industrial production of triacetin from glycerol: Comparing acetic acid and acetic anhydride as possible reagents," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PD).
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