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Effects of updating rules on the coevolving prisoner’s dilemma

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  • Takesue, Hirofumi

Abstract

We studied the effect of three strategy updating rules in coevolving prisoner’s dilemma games where agents (nodes) can switch both the strategy and social partners. Under two node-based strategy updating rules, strategy updating occurs between a randomly chosen focal node and its randomly selected neighbour. The focal agent becomes the strategy recipient and may imitate the strategy of the neighbour according to the payoff difference, i.e. voter-model-like dynamics (VMLD), or becomes a strategy donor and thus may be imitated by the neighbour, i.e. invasion-process-like dynamics (IPLD). For edge-based updating rules, one edge is selected, and the roles of the two connected nodes (donor or recipient) are randomly decided, i.e. edge-based dynamics (EBD). A computer simulation shows that partner switching supports the evolution of cooperation under VMLD, which has been utilised in many studies on spatial evolutionary games, whereas cooperators often vanish under IPLD. The EBD results lie between these two processes. This difference is prominent among nodes with large degrees. In addition, partner switching induces a non-monotonic relationship between the fraction of cooperators and intensity of selection under VMLD and EBD, and a weak or strong selection supports cooperation. In contrast, only a strong selection supports cooperators under IPLD. Similar differences in the enhancement of cooperation are observed when games are played on static heterogeneous networks. Our results imply that the direction of imitation is quite important for understanding the evolutionary process of cooperation.

Suggested Citation

  • Takesue, Hirofumi, 2019. "Effects of updating rules on the coevolving prisoner’s dilemma," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 513(C), pages 399-408.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:513:y:2019:i:c:p:399-408
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2018.09.046
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Peican Zhu & Xin Hou & Yangming Guo & Jiwei Xu & Jinzhuo Liu, 2021. "Investigating the effects of updating rules on cooperation by incorporating interactive diversity," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 94(2), pages 1-8, February.
    3. Szolnoki, Attila & Chen, Xiaojie, 2020. "Gradual learning supports cooperation in spatial prisoner’s dilemma game," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    4. Takesue, Hirofumi, 2021. "Symmetry breaking in the prisoner’s dilemma on two-layer dynamic multiplex networks," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 388(C).
    5. Zhong, Li-Xin & Xu, Wen-Juan & Chen, Rong-Da & He, Yun-Xin & Qiu, Tian & Ren, Fei & Shi, Yong-Dong & Zhong, Chen-Yang, 2020. "Multiple learning mechanisms promote cooperation in public goods games with project selection," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).

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