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Incorporating topography in a cellular automata model to simulate residents evacuation in a mountain area in China

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  • Wang, Li
  • Liu, Mao
  • Meng, Bo

Abstract

In China, both the mountainous areas and the number of people who live in mountain areas occupy a significant proportion. When production accidents or natural disasters happen, the residents in mountain areas should be evacuated and the evacuation is of obvious importance to public safety. But it is a pity that there are few studies on safety evacuation in rough terrain. The particularity of the complex terrain in mountain areas, however, makes it difficult to study pedestrian evacuation. In this paper, a three-dimensional surface cellular automata model is proposed to numerically simulate the real time dynamic evacuation of residents. The model takes into account topographic characteristics (the slope gradient) of the environment and the biomechanics characteristics (weight and leg extensor power) of the residents to calculate the walking speed. This paper only focuses on the influence of topography and the physiological parameters are defined as constants according to a statistical report. Velocity varies with the topography. In order to simulate the behavior of a crowd with varying movement velocities, and a numerical algorithm is used to determine the time step of iteration. By doing so, a numerical simulation can be conducted in a 3D surface CA model. Moreover, considering residents evacuation around a gas well in a mountain area as a case, a visualization system for a three-dimensional simulation of pedestrian evacuation is developed. In the simulation process, population behaviors of congestion, queuing and collision avoidance can be observed. The simulation results are explained reasonably. Therefore, the model presented in this paper can realize a 3D dynamic simulation of pedestrian evacuation vividly in complex terrain and predict the evacuation procedure and evacuation time required, which can supply some valuable information for emergency management.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Li & Liu, Mao & Meng, Bo, 2013. "Incorporating topography in a cellular automata model to simulate residents evacuation in a mountain area in China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(3), pages 520-528.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:392:y:2013:i:3:p:520-528
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2012.09.019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Guo, Ning & Ling, Xiang & Ding, Zhongjun & Long, Jiancheng & Zhu, Kongjin, 2019. "An improved heuristic-based model to reproduce pedestrian dynamic on the single-file staircase," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 535(C).
    3. Washington Velasquez & Manuel S. Alvarez-Alvarado, 2021. "Outdoors Evacuation Routes Algorithm Using Cellular Automata and Graph Theory for Uphills and Downhills," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, April.
    4. Chen, Juan & Ma, Jian & Lo, S.M., 2018. "Geometric constraint based pedestrian movement model on stairways," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 505(C), pages 1212-1230.

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