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The labor market effects of competing and non-competing high-skill immigrants: Evidence from college majors

Author

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  • Phelan, Brian J.
  • Sander, William

Abstract

This study uses the college majors of natives and immigrants to separately estimate the labor market effects of competing and non-competing immigrants in the United States. We find that while college-educated immigrants have had small positive effects on employment and no overall effect on earnings, there is significant heterogeneity across native college graduates based on the proportion of competing and non-competing immigrants for each major. We estimate both large negative effects associated with competing immigrants and large positive effects associated with non-competing immigrants. Overall, however, the positive non-competing effects tend to dominate and offset the negative consequences of competing immigrants.

Suggested Citation

  • Phelan, Brian J. & Sander, William, 2026. "The labor market effects of competing and non-competing high-skill immigrants: Evidence from college majors," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:labeco:v:100:y:2026:i:c:s0927537126000163
    DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102865
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy

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