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Distributed energy storage planning in soft open point based active distribution networks incorporating network reconfiguration and DG reactive power capability

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  • Bai, Linquan
  • Jiang, Tao
  • Li, Fangxing
  • Chen, Houhe
  • Li, Xue

Abstract

The integration of high-penetration distributed generators (DGs) with smart inverters and the emerging power electronics technology of soft open points provide increased controllability and flexibility to the operation of active distribution networks. Existing works on distributed energy storage planning have not fully considered the coordinated operation of these new power electronic devices with distributed energy storage systems, leading to less economic investment decisions. This paper proposes an optimal planning model of distributed energy storage systems in active distribution networks incorporating soft open points and reactive power capability of DGs. The reactive power capability of DG inverters and on load tap changers are considered in the Volt/VAR control. Moreover, soft open points are modeled to provide flexible active and reactive power control on the associated feeders. Hourly network reconfiguration is conducted to optimize the power flow by changing the network topology. A mixed-integer second-order cone programming model is formulated to optimally determine the locations and energy/power capacities of distributed energy storage systems. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node distribution network. Considering soft open points, DG reactive power capability, and network reconfiguration, the results demonstrate the optimal distributed energy storage systems planning obtained by the proposed model achieves better economic solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Bai, Linquan & Jiang, Tao & Li, Fangxing & Chen, Houhe & Li, Xue, 2018. "Distributed energy storage planning in soft open point based active distribution networks incorporating network reconfiguration and DG reactive power capability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 1082-1091.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:210:y:2018:i:c:p:1082-1091
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.004
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    4. Anaya, Karim L. & Pollitt, Michael G., 2020. "Reactive power procurement: A review of current trends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    5. Jiao, P.H. & Chen, J.J. & Cai, X. & Wang, L.L. & Zhao, Y.L. & Zhang, X.H. & Chen, W.G., 2021. "Joint active and reactive for allocation of renewable energy and energy storage under uncertain coupling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    6. Oh, Seok Hwa & Yoon, Yong Tae & Kim, Seung Wan, 2020. "Online reconfiguration scheme of self-sufficient distribution network based on a reinforcement learning approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    7. Bastami, Houman & Shakarami, Mahmoud Reza & Doostizadeh, Meysam, 2021. "A decentralized cooperative framework for multi-area active distribution network in presence of inter-area soft open points," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    8. Li, Jinghua & Lu, Bo & Wang, Zhibang & Zhu, Mengshu, 2021. "Bi-level optimal planning model for energy storage systems in a virtual power plant," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P2), pages 77-95.
    9. Su, Hongzhi & Wang, Chengshan & Li, Peng & Liu, Zhelin & Yu, Li & Wu, Jianzhong, 2019. "Optimal placement of phasor measurement unit in distribution networks considering the changes in topology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 313-322.
    10. Hooshmand, Ehsan & Rabiee, Abbas, 2019. "Energy management in distribution systems, considering the impact of reconfiguration, RESs, ESSs and DR: A trade-off between cost and reliability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 346-358.
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    12. Das, Choton K. & Bass, Octavian & Kothapalli, Ganesh & Mahmoud, Thair S. & Habibi, Daryoush, 2018. "Overview of energy storage systems in distribution networks: Placement, sizing, operation, and power quality," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1205-1230.
    13. Nevena Srećković & Miran Rošer & Gorazd Štumberger, 2021. "Utilization of Active Distribution Network Elements for Optimization of a Distribution Network Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-17, June.
    14. Dranka, Géremi Gilson & Ferreira, Paula & Vaz, A. Ismael F., 2021. "A review of co-optimization approaches for operational and planning problems in the energy sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    15. Ibrahim Diaaeldin & Shady Abdel Aleem & Ahmed El-Rafei & Almoataz Abdelaziz & Ahmed F. Zobaa, 2019. "Optimal Network Reconfiguration in Active Distribution Networks with Soft Open Points and Distributed Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-31, November.
    16. Deakin, Matthew & Sarantakos, Ilias & Greenwood, David & Bialek, Janusz & Taylor, Phil C. & Walker, Sara, 2023. "Comparative analysis of services from soft open points using cost–benefit analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    17. Gu, Chenjia & Wang, Jianxue & Zhang, Yao & Li, Qingtao & Chen, Yang, 2022. "Optimal energy storage planning for stacked benefits in power distribution network," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 366-380.
    18. Jannesar, Mohammad Rasol & Sedighi, Alireza & Savaghebi, Mehdi & Guerrero, Josep M., 2018. "Optimal placement, sizing, and daily charge/discharge of battery energy storage in low voltage distribution network with high photovoltaic penetration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 957-966.
    19. Gan, Wei & Ai, Xiaomeng & Fang, Jiakun & Yan, Mingyu & Yao, Wei & Zuo, Wenping & Wen, Jinyu, 2019. "Security constrained co-planning of transmission expansion and energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 383-394.
    20. Li, Zhengmao & Xu, Yan & Wang, Peng & Xiao, Gaoxi, 2023. "Coordinated preparation and recovery of a post-disaster Multi-energy distribution system considering thermal inertia and diverse uncertainties," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    21. Meng, He & Jia, Hongjie & Xu, Tao & Wei, Wei & Wu, Yuhan & Liang, Lemeng & Cai, Shuqi & Liu, Zuozheng & Wang, Rujing & Li, Mengchao, 2022. "Optimal configuration of cooperative stationary and mobile energy storage considering ambient temperature: A case for Winter Olympic Game," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    22. Das, Choton K. & Bass, Octavian & Kothapalli, Ganesh & Mahmoud, Thair S. & Habibi, Daryoush, 2018. "Optimal placement of distributed energy storage systems in distribution networks using artificial bee colony algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 212-228.
    23. Das, Choton K. & Bass, Octavian & Mahmoud, Thair S. & Kothapalli, Ganesh & Mousavi, Navid & Habibi, Daryoush & Masoum, Mohammad A.S., 2019. "Optimal allocation of distributed energy storage systems to improve performance and power quality of distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    24. Li, Yang & Vilathgamuwa, Mahinda & Choi, San Shing & Farrell, Troy W. & Tran, Ngoc Tham & Teague, Joseph, 2019. "Development of a degradation-conscious physics-based lithium-ion battery model for use in power system planning studies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 512-525.
    25. Mandhir Kumar Verma & Vivekananda Mukherjee & Vinod Kumar Yadav & Santosh Ghosh, 2020. "Constraints for effective distribution network expansion planning: an ample review," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 11(3), pages 531-546, June.

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