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Drought tolerance assessment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes at different growth stages, based on morphological and physiological traits

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  • Mthembu, Sizwe Goodman
  • Magwaza, Lembe Samukelo
  • Mashilo, Jacob
  • Mditshwa, Asanda
  • Odindo, Alfred

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine drought tolerance of diverse potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes. The physiological and morphological responses of eight potato genotypes were assessed under well-irrigated (Wi) and deficit irrigation (Di) conditions across four different growth stages, namely, the Vegetative (VG), Tuber Initiation (TI), Tuber Bulking (TB) and maturity (MAT) stages, using an 8 × 4 × 2 factorial treatment structure with three replications. Data were collected on morphological traits such as Plant Height (PH), the Number of Leaves (NL), Tuber Yield (TY) and Total Above-Ground biomass (TAG), as well as the physiological traits such as stomatal conductance (gs), Transpiration rate (Tr), the rate of photosynthesis (A), Water Productivity (WP), Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) and Relative Water Content (RWC). A significant (p < 0.05) genotype x water condition x growth stage effects were observed for A, Tr, WP, RWC, CCI, PH, NL, TY and TAG, which indicated the varied responses of the genotypes to the water conditions across the growth stages. This is useful when recommending the growth-stage specific and drought tolerant potato genotypes for production. Correlation analysis revealed significant and negative association between gs and WP with TY (r = −0.81; r = −0.77) at the VG stage, positive association between PH, Tr, A and WP with TY (r = 0.92; r = 0.65; r = 0.95; r = 0.88) at the TI stage.CCI positively correlated with TY (r = 0.71) at the MAT stage, and a negative association was observed between TAG with TY (r = −0.85) at the MAT stage, under Di conditions. Principal component bi-plot identified that the all-rounder genotypes that are resistant to drought in all stages include the Challenger, Sifra and Tyson. These genotypes are recommended for cultivation in water-restricted environments.

Suggested Citation

  • Mthembu, Sizwe Goodman & Magwaza, Lembe Samukelo & Mashilo, Jacob & Mditshwa, Asanda & Odindo, Alfred, 2022. "Drought tolerance assessment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes at different growth stages, based on morphological and physiological traits," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:261:y:2022:i:c:s0378377421006387
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107361
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ramírez, David A. & Yactayo, Wendy & Rens, Libby R. & Rolando, José L. & Palacios, Susan & De Mendiburu, Felipe & Mares, Víctor & Barreda, Carolina & Loayza, Hildo & Monneveux, Philippe & Zotarelli, L, 2016. "Defining biological thresholds associated to plant water status for monitoring water restriction effects: Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis recovery as key indicators in potato," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 369-378.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Xuan & Jia, Pengfei & Hou, Qingqing & Zhu, Min, 2023. "Quantitative sensitivity of crop productivity and water productivity to precipitation during growth periods in the Agro-Pastoral Ecotone of Shanxi Province, China, based on APSIM," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).

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