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Vor der Erbschaftsteuerreform: Nutzung der Firmenprivilegien hat Minderjährige zu Multimillionären gemacht

Author

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  • Stefan Bach
  • Thomas Mertz

Abstract

The legislation of the inheritance and gift tax reform has gone into overtime: ever since the Bundesländer rejected the Federal Government’s bill at the Bundesrat, the parliament’s mediation committee is looking for a compromise. The biggest controversy has centered on tax reliefs for large corporate assets, measures for which the Federal Constitutional Court had called for a revision. Using micro data from inheritance and gift tax files, the present study investigates taxed and taxexempt business transfers according to age and gender. From the 144 billion euros in tax-free business transfers that were transferred between 2011 and 2014 and for which age information are available, 37 billion euros were transferred to minors. 29.4 billion euros were distributed among 90 children under the age of 14, each of whom received at least 20 million euros. The transfers averaged 327 million euros per child. In addition, with respect to gifts females received only half the amounts than men did, and even in the case of high inheritances, females were still receiving less. Die Reform der Erbschaft- und Schenkungsteuer geht in die Verlängerung: Nachdem die Länder den Gesetzentwurf der Bundesregierung im Bundesrat abgelehnt haben, wird im Vermittlungsausschuss ein Kompromiss gesucht. Umstritten sind vor allem die Steuerbegünstigungen für große Unternehmensvermögen, für die das Bundesverfassungsgericht eine Neuregelung gefordert hatte. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht auf Basis von Einzeldaten der Erbschaft- und Schenkungsteuerstatistik die steuerlich erfassten Übertragungen und die steuerfreien Unternehmensübertragungen nach Alter und Geschlecht. Von insgesamt 144 Milliarden Euro steuerfreien Unternehmensübertragungen der Festsetzungsjahre 2011 bis 2014, für die Altersangaben vorliegen, gingen 37 Milliarden Euro an Minderjährige. 29,4 Milliarden Euro davon erhielten 90 Kinder im Alter von unter 14 Jahren, denen jeweils Vermögen von mindestens 20 Millionen Euro übertragen wurden – im Durchschnitt also 327 Millionen Euro pro Kind. Zudem bekamen Frauen in diesem Zeitraum insgesamt nur gut halb so viel steuerfreie Unternehmensvermögen geschenkt wie Männer. Auch bei hohen Erbschaften waren Frauen benachteiligt.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Bach & Thomas Mertz, 2016. "Vor der Erbschaftsteuerreform: Nutzung der Firmenprivilegien hat Minderjährige zu Multimillionären gemacht," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 83(36), pages 812-820.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:83-36-4
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Stefan Bach, 2016. "Erbschaftsteuer, Vermögensteuer oder Kapitaleinkommensteuer: Wie sollen hohe Vermögen stärker besteuert werden?," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1619, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    2. Tisch, Daria & Schechtl, Manuel, 2023. "The Gender (Tax) Gap in Parental Transfers. Evidence from Administrative Inheritance and Gift Tax Data," SocArXiv kfetw, Center for Open Science.
    3. Theine, Hendrik, 2019. "The media coverage of wealth and inheritance taxation in Germany," Department of Economics Working Paper Series 290, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    4. Hendrik Theine, 2019. "The media coverage of wealth and inheritance taxation in Germany," Department of Economics Working Papers wuwp290, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inheritance and gift taxation; tax privileges for corporate assets; family firm succession;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship

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