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Pay What You Want – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines alternativen Geschäftsmodells

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  • Harald Trabold
  • David W. Weaver

Abstract

Ten years ago, the first companies began allowing their customers to make purchasing decisions based on the Pay What You Want principle, giving them the power to determine their own price for a good or service. Parallel to the emergence of this new pricing strategy, laboratory and field experiments conducted by behavioral economists confirmed that people are prepared to pay a price higher than zero, and even pay prices that cover the firm’s costs, despite being given the opportunity to pay nothing at all. Companies, especially those with expensive products, expose themselves to tremendous risk when implementing the Pay What You Want pricing strategy since a portion of consumers will act in an opportunistic manner, as the Homo Economicus model suggests. We show that in reality, establishing a full, long-term business model based on Pay What You Want principles only works in exceptional cases. The Pay What You Want pricing strategy is better suited as a component of a business model or as a marketing instrument. Vor zehn Jahren haben erste Unternehmen damit begonnen, ihre Käuferschaft nach dem "Pay-what-you-want"-Prinzip entscheiden zu lassen, wieviel sie für eine in Anspruch genommene Leistung zahlen will. Parallel dazu hat die Verhaltensökonomik in Laborexperimenten oder Feldversuchen bestätigt, dass Menschen bereit sind, solche Angebote nicht vollständig zu ihrem Vorteil zu nutzen, sondern Preise größer als null zu zahlen, die in manchen Fällen sogar kostendeckend sind. Unternehmen gehen jedoch vor allem dann mit PayWhat You Want ein hohes Verlustrisiko ein, wenn sie hochpreisige Waren anbieten und sich ein Teil ihrer Käuferschaft opportunistisch verhält, so wie es das Modell des Homo oeconomicus vorhersagt. Wir zeigen, dass es in der Realität nur in Ausnahmefällen gelingt, ein vollständiges Geschäftsmodell auf "Pay-What-You-Want"-Basis langfristig erfolgreich zu etablieren. Wesentlich besser eignet sich Pay What You Want als Bezahloption für einen Teil des Angebots eines Unternehmens oder als Marketinginstrument.

Suggested Citation

  • Harald Trabold & David W. Weaver, 2016. "Pay What You Want – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines alternativen Geschäftsmodells," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 85(2), pages 81-97.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:85-2-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.85.2.81
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pay what you want; behavioral economics; consumer behaviour; altruism;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D01 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Microeconomic Behavior: Underlying Principles
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • M31 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Marketing

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