Particular Aspects of Littoral of Senegal in a New Climatic Perspectives

The shoreline is an environment that serves as an interface between continent and sea. The analysis offers a succession of natural ecosystems and socio-economic installations. The space remains under the influence of the urbanization, the development of tourism, the seaports, the fisheries, etc. Thus, it occupies an important aesthetic and economic position like the Senegal’s petite côte shoreline. The petite côte’s shoreline begins at Cap Manuel to Casamance. For this study, our choice concerns the shoreline between Cap Manuel to le Saloum. The developpement of socioéconomics activities are more important in this part of the Senegalese’s coastal area. Indeed, the south shoreline saw settling down since the colonization several industrial, tourist and nautical activities. The Port of Dakar participated into the reconfiguration of the landscape by taking a catalyst role on the proliferation of the industrial units. The port makes also the increase of the urban population on the Cap Vert’s peninsula. The place is a site of profusion of the economic actors. The evolution of the natural environment is at the origin of several anxieties both on the balance of the shoreline ecosystems and on the durability of the coastal developments. The major challenges that appear in the management of the harbor’s coast, are diverse and the rise of the sea level constitute a fundamental aspect in the future of shoreline. At present, the climate change mean, on a large scale, several modifications in the functioning of the marine environment. The disturbances that are observed into the circulation’s mode of the marine waters, and they involve collectively a rise of the marine level with harmful consequences on the coastal areas. The south coast is under the strong variability of the marine level and its impacts. The effects of climate change place the harbor coast in a vulnerability position to the sea inching. The low zones are exposed to the sea level rise. The floods and the lands’ losses are aspects that underline the exposure to the natural phenomena.