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Preisrigidität bei Lebensmitteln

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  • Jens-Peter Loy
  • Fabian Schaper

Abstract

In this paper, the proportions and determinants of price rigidity in German food retailing are investigated for selected products. In measuring price rigidity, we explicitly consider promotional sales by excluding price promotions. Price promotions cause a significant part of retail price variations, but are by definition not based on cost changes. Thus, if price promotions are not considered, price rigidity measures are biased. The average estimated duration of rigid prices in supermarkets increases from forty to sixty weeks, if price promotions are excluded. All food products show considerable price rigidities. In particular, key products with a high level of consumers’ attention indicate significantly lower price rigidities. Psychological prices are more rigid than others. Unexpectedly, high price (national) brands exhibit greater price flexibility than low price private labels. From this we may conclude that rigid food retail prices are not caused by retail market power, but by implementing an “every day low price” retailing strategy. / Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Ausmaß und Bestimmungsgründe der Preisrigidität für ausgewählte Produkte des deutschen Lebensmitteleinzelhandels (LEH) untersucht. Die Berücksichtigung von sonderangebotsinduzierten Preisanpassungen steht dabei im Vordergrund der Betrachtungen. Sonderangebote machen einen Großteil der beobachteten Preisänderungen im LEH aus und stellen per definitionem keine kosteninduzierten Preisanpassungen dar. Das Ausmaß von Preisrigiditäten wird folglich durch Sonderangebotspreise erheblich unterschätzt. So steigt die Dauer rigider Preise in Supermärkten von 40 auf 60 Wochen, wenn Sonderangebote bei der Messung ausgeschlossen werden. Grundsätzlich zeigen Lebensmittel eine erhebliche Rigidität bei Preisen. Demgegenüber zeigen vor allem Eckartikel, die im Fokus der Verbraucher stehen, signifikant geringere Preisrigiditäten. Psychologische Preise sind rigider als Preise mit anderen Preisendungen. Entgegen der Erwartung weisen starke Marken eine geringere Preisrigidität auf als günstige Produkte. Insbesondere bei den im Preiseinstiegssegment geführten Handelsmarken treten deutliche Rigiditäten auf. Demgegenüber stehen Produkte mit gehobenem Preisniveau im Fokus der Preispolitik und weisen deutlich flexiblere Preise auf. In diesem Segment werden auch häufiger Sonderangebote eingesetzt. Preisrigidität im LEH ist somit weniger die Folge von Marktmacht, sondern mehr das Ergebnis der Umsetzung von „Every Day Low Pricing“.

Suggested Citation

  • Jens-Peter Loy & Fabian Schaper, 2014. "Preisrigidität bei Lebensmitteln," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 134(1), pages 25-60.
  • Handle: RePEc:dah:aeqsjb:v134_y2014_i1_q1_p25-60
    DOI: 10.3790/schm.134.1.25
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    Cited by:

    1. Holzer, Patrick Sebastian, 2020. "The effect of time-varying factors on promotional activity in the German milk market," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    2. Fedoseeva, Svetlana & Herrmann, Roland & Nickolaus, Katharina, 2017. "Was the economics of information approach wrong all the way? Evidence from German grocery r(E)tailing," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 63-72.
    3. Fedoseeva, Svetlana, 2020. "(Dynamic) willingness to pay and e-commerce: Insights from sparkling wine sector in Russia," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    4. Hillen, Judith & Fedoseeva, Svetlana, 2021. "E-commerce and the end of price rigidity?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 63-73.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D4 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
    • E3 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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