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Social inequalities in health in an ageing population

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  • MARMOT, MICHAEL G.
  • NAZROO, JAMES Y.

Abstract

In the 20th century, European countries had marked declines in mortality rates, initially at younger ages, and subsequently at older ages. This resulted in ‘rectangularization’ of the survival curve: large proportions of the population surviving to older ages, at which point mortality rates increase sharply. The extent to which this will be accompanied by increases in the proportions of older people suffering morbidity has been debated. There are marked differences in life expectancy at older ages among European countries. France, Italy, Spain, and Sweden have better than average life expectancy at age 65. Denmark, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands have lower. Within countries, there are marked socio-economic differences in morbidity and mortality at older ages. The impact of illness is also likely to differ according to an individual's social circumstances. It is essential to have longitudinal studies examining the determinants and impact of health and well-being in ageing populations. Ideally, these should be carried out in a way that facilitates international comparisons

Suggested Citation

  • Marmot, Michael G. & Nazroo, James Y., 2001. "Social inequalities in health in an ageing population," European Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(4), pages 445-460, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:eurrev:v:9:y:2001:i:04:p:445-460_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Simon Burgess & Carol Propper & John A. Rigg, 2004. "The Impact of Low Income on Child Health: Evidence from a Birth Cohort Study," CASE Papers 085, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, LSE.
    2. Margot I. Jackson & Tate Kihara, 2019. "The Educational Gradient in Health Among Children in Immigrant Families," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 38(6), pages 869-897, December.
    3. Carol Propper & John Rigg & Simon Burgess, 2007. "Child health: evidence on the roles of family income and maternal mental health from a UK birth cohort," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(11), pages 1245-1269.
    4. Anthony John O’Brien & Robert Kydd & Christopher Frampton, 2012. "Social deprivation and use of mental health legislation in New Zealand," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 58(6), pages 581-586, November.
    5. Sweet, Elizabeth, 2010. ""If your shoes are raggedy you get talked about": Symbolic and material dimensions of adolescent social status and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(12), pages 2029-2035, June.
    6. Yasuo Imanishi & Shingo Fukuma & Angelo Karaboyas & Bruce M Robinson & Ronald L Pisoni & Takanobu Nomura & Takashi Akiba & Tadao Akizawa & Kiyoshi Kurokawa & Akira Saito & Shunichi Fukuhara & Masaaki , 2017. "Associations of employment status and educational levels with mortality and hospitalization in the dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study in Japan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(3), pages 1-11, March.
    7. Carol Propper & John Rigg & Simon Burgess, 2007. "Child health: evidence on the roles of family income and maternal mental health from a UK birth cohort," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(11), pages 1245-1269, November.
    8. Kagamimori, Sadanobu & Gaina, Alexandru & Nasermoaddeli, Ali, 2009. "Socioeconomic status and health in the Japanese population," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2152-2160, June.
    9. Gadalla, Tahany M., 2009. "Determinants, correlates and mediators of psychological distress: A longitudinal study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2199-2205, June.
    10. Ridalva D M Felzemburgh & Guilherme S Ribeiro & Federico Costa & Renato B Reis & José E Hagan & Astrid X T O Melendez & Deborah Fraga & Francisco S Santana & Sharif Mohr & Balbino L dos Santos & Adria, 2014. "Prospective Study of Leptospirosis Transmission in an Urban Slum Community: Role of Poor Environment in Repeated Exposures to the Leptospira Agent," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-9, May.
    11. Jennifer O’Dea & Trang Nguyen Hoang & Michael Dibley, 2011. "Plateau in obesity and overweight in a cross sectional study of low, middle and high socioeconomic status schoolchildren between 2004 and 2009," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 56(6), pages 663-667, December.
    12. Jennifer Whillans & James Nazroo & Katey Matthews, 2016. "Trajectories of vision in older people: the role of age and social position," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 171-184, June.
    13. Petrelli, Alessio & Gnavi, Roberto & Marinacci, Chiara & Costa, Giuseppe, 2006. "Socioeconomic inequalities in coronary heart disease in Italy: A multilevel population-based study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 446-456, July.
    14. Nagel, Korbinian, 2016. "A Life Course Perspective on the Income-to-Health Relationship: Macro-Empirical Evidence from two Centuries," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145810, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    15. Shankardass, Ketan & McConnell, Rob S. & Milam, Joel & Berhane, Kiros & Tatalovich, Zaria & Wilson, John P. & Jerrett, Michael, 2007. "The association between contextual socioeconomic factors and prevalent asthma in a cohort of Southern California school children," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(8), pages 1792-1806, October.

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