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Simulation of water and salts dynamics in Bouhajla (Central Tunisia): exceptional rainfall effect

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  • Sabri KANZARI

    (Laboratory of Environmental Risk Management in Irrigated Agriculture, National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering, Waters and Forests of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
    Laboratory of Hydraulic and Environment of Modelling, National Engineering School of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia)

  • Mohamed HACHICHA

    (Laboratory of Environmental Risk Management in Irrigated Agriculture, National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering, Waters and Forests of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia)

  • Rachida BOUHLILA

    (Laboratory of Hydraulic and Environment of Modelling, National Engineering School of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia)

  • Jorge BATTLE-SALES

    (Department of Plant Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

Arid and semi-arid regions face the risk of soils and aquifers salinization. Rainy events are rare which is characteristic of these regions. They play a significant role in the leaching of salts from topsoil to deeper layers, which increases the risk of aquifers salinization. For this reason, a plot was selected in the semi-arid region of Bou Hajla (Central Tunisia). The simulation of water and salts dynamics was carried out by Hydrus-1D. Model calibration was realised on a flood irrigation experiment during 10 days and in a depth of 4 m. The hydrodynamic parameters were determined by inverse modelling. Model validation was performed successfully during 577 days. The simulation of water and salts dynamics has allowed the analysis of two scenarios: (i) the effect of a very rainy event (> 50mm/day) on the dynamics of salts. This type of event allows leaching of the accumulated salts in the topsoil which promotes their burial in the depth; (ii) the long-term evolution of the saline profile in 20 years showed the cyclical nature of salts leaching in the topsoil, the permanent accumulation of salts in the depth of around 2 m, and a continuous leaching in the deeper layers (around 4 m), which may increase groundwater contamination risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabri KANZARI & Mohamed HACHICHA & Rachida BOUHLILA & Jorge BATTLE-SALES, 2012. "Simulation of water and salts dynamics in Bouhajla (Central Tunisia): exceptional rainfall effect," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 7(1), pages 36-44.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlswr:v:7:y:2012:i:1:id:17-2011-swr
    DOI: 10.17221/17/2011-SWR
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Armstrong, A. S. B. & Rycroft, D. W. & Tanton, T. W., 1996. "Seasonal movement of salts in naturally structured saline-sodic clay soils," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 15-27, November.
    2. Crevoisier, D. & Popova, Z. & Mailhol, J.C. & Ruelle, P., 2008. "Assessment and simulation of water and nitrogen transfer under furrow irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(4), pages 354-366, April.
    3. Tanton, T. W. & Rycroft, D. W. & Hashimi, M., 1995. "Leaching of salt from a heavy clay subsoil under simulated rainfall conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(3-4), pages 321-329, July.
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